Preparation and Characterization of Three Different Derivatized Potato Starches

The use of native starch as a thermoplastic polymer is limited by its fragility and high water absorption. Due to the presence of several hydroxyl groups in its structure, water acts as a natural plasticizer of starch, modifying its properties. It is necessary to chemically modify starch molecules b...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of polymers and the environment 2013-06, Vol.21 (2), p.395-404
Main Authors: Morán, J. I., Cyras, V. P., Vázquez, A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Absorption
Acetic acid
Applied sciences
Biodegradation
Carbohydrates
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Chlorides
Environmental Chemistry
Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology
Exact sciences and technology
Granular materials
Heat resistance
Hydroxyl groups
Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering
Infrared spectroscopy
Materials Science
Natural polymers
Original Paper
Physicochemistry of polymers
Plasticizers
Polymer Sciences
Polymers
Potatoes
Reagents
Starch
Starch and polysaccharides
Starches
Swelling
Thermal resistance
Thermoplastics
Water absorption
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Summary:The use of native starch as a thermoplastic polymer is limited by its fragility and high water absorption. Due to the presence of several hydroxyl groups in its structure, water acts as a natural plasticizer of starch, modifying its properties. It is necessary to chemically modify starch molecules by replacing hydroxyl groups with other functional groups to reduce water absorption. Chemical modification of starch granules also alters its swelling and gelatinization behavior. In this contribution we describe the chemical modification of starch and its influence on its hydrophilicity and heat resistance. Acetic acid, maleic anhydride and octanoyl chloride were used as derivatizing reagents. The effectiveness of the treatments was evaluated by means of infrared spectroscopy. Different tests were conducted in order to evaluate the influence of the different chemical modifications on starch structure and properties. Results showed that the treatments effectively reduced starch moisture susceptibility, while substantially altering other properties such as amylose content, swelling power, solubility, and heat resistance. Finally, films were prepared from native and derivatized starch and their surface polarity was evaluated.
ISSN:1566-2543
1572-8919
1572-8900
DOI:10.1007/s10924-012-0539-x