Sputum cytokine mapping reveals an 'IL-5, IL-17A, IL-25-high' pattern associated with poorly controlled asthma

Summary Background and objective Asthma is a heterogeneous disease with various clinical, inflammatory and molecular phenotypes. We studied sputum cytokine mRNA expression patterns in an unselected group of adult asthma patients to characterize the underlying inflammatory process. Methods Differenti...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinical and experimental allergy 2013-09, Vol.43 (9), p.1009-1017
Main Authors: Seys, S. F., Grabowski, M., Adriaensen, W., Decraene, A., Dilissen, E., Vanoirbeek, J. A., Dupont, L. J., Ceuppens, J. L., Bullens, D. M. A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
airway inflammation
Asthma
Asthma - drug therapy
Asthma - genetics
Asthma - immunology
asthma control
asthma phenotyping
Case-Control Studies
cytokine
Cytokines
Cytokines - genetics
Cytokines - immunology
Female
Gene Expression Regulation
Humans
induced sputum
Interleukin-17 - genetics
Interleukin-17 - immunology
Interleukin-5 - genetics
Interleukin-5 - immunology
Male
Medical research
Middle Aged
Risk Factors
Sputum - chemistry
Sputum - immunology
Th2 Cells - immunology
Th2 Cells - metabolism
Transcriptome
Treatment Outcome
Young Adult
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Summary:Summary Background and objective Asthma is a heterogeneous disease with various clinical, inflammatory and molecular phenotypes. We studied sputum cytokine mRNA expression patterns in an unselected group of adult asthma patients to characterize the underlying inflammatory process. Methods Differential cell counts and cytokine mRNA (quantified by real‐time PCR) were analysed on sputum from 40 controls and 66 asthmatic adults. A ‘cytokine‐high’ profile was defined if mRNA levels for that particular cytokine exceeded the 90th percentile value in the control population. Radar graphs were used to visualize cytokine profiles. Results Sputum mRNA analysis confirmed heterogeneity of cytokine patterns among patients. Thirty‐six patients (55%) had a Th2 cytokine pattern: ‘IL‐5‐high’ (n = 13), ‘IL‐4‐high’ (n = 17) or ‘IL‐4‐ and IL‐5‐high’ (n = 6). The ‘IL‐5‐high’ asthma profile (n = 13) coincided with the ‘IL‐25‐high’ (10/13) and surprisingly also with the ‘IL‐17A‐high’ (11/13) profile. The ‘IL‐5‐/IL‐25‐/IL‐17A‐high profile was different from the ‘IL‐4‐high’ pattern. Patients with the ‘IL‐5, IL‐17A, IL‐25‐high’ pattern had significantly worse lung function parameters. Uncontrolled asthmatics [Asthma Control Test (ACT)
ISSN:0954-7894
1365-2222
DOI:10.1111/cea.12125