Low blood selenium levels in alcoholics with and without advanced liver disease: correlations with clinical and nutritional status

Selenium deficiency has been implicated as a cause of hepatic injury, possibly from accentuated lipoperoxidation due to decreased activity of the selenoenzyme, glutathione peroxidase. Because of possible clinical and biochemical links between selenium and alcohol, we performed nutritional assessment...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Digestive diseases and sciences 1985-09, Vol.30 (9), p.838-844
Main Authors: DWORKIN, B, ROSENTHAL, W. S, JANKOWSKI, R. H, GORDON, G. G, HALDEA, D
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Alcoholism - blood
Alcoholism and acute alcohol poisoning
Biological and medical sciences
Erythrocytes - analysis
Female
Humans
Liver Diseases, Alcoholic - blood
Male
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Nutrition Surveys
Selenium - blood
Serum Albumin - analysis
Spectrometry, Fluorescence
Toxicology
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Summary:Selenium deficiency has been implicated as a cause of hepatic injury, possibly from accentuated lipoperoxidation due to decreased activity of the selenoenzyme, glutathione peroxidase. Because of possible clinical and biochemical links between selenium and alcohol, we performed nutritional assessment and assayed red blood cell, plasma, and whole blood selenium by spectrofluorometry in 27 normals (group I), 30 asymptomatic alcoholics on admission to a detoxification unit, (group II) and 16 alcoholics with severe liver disease (group III). We found a mean (+/- SD) whole blood selenium of 0.109 micrograms/ml +/- 0.014 for group I vs 0.076 +/- 0.010 for group II (P less than 0.001), and 0.047 +/- 0.006 for group III (P less than 0.001 vs group I and II). For plasma, the mean (+/- SD) selenium was 0.095 micrograms/ml +/- 0.016 for group I versus 0.065 micrograms/ml +/- 0.012 in group II and 0.038 micrograms/ml +/- 0.007 in group III (All P less than 0.001). Calculated red blood selenium levels were also significantly reduced in alcoholics versus controls. Whole blood and plasma selenium correlated directly with serum albumin. For whole blood selenium versus albumin, r = 0.73 (P less than 0.01), and for plasma selenium versus albumin, r = 0.71 (P less than 0.01). A significant inverse correlation was noted between whole blood selenium and the height of the total serum bilirubin (r = -0.46), alkaline phosphatase (r = -0.50), and AST (r = -0.51) (P less than 0.01 for all). Among alcoholics admitted for detoxification, selenium was diminished despite the absence of severe malnutrition, as determined by standard nutrition assessment parameters.
ISSN:0163-2116
1573-2568
DOI:10.1007/BF01309514