Effects of Biomass Types and Carbonization Conditions on the Chemical Characteristics of Hydrochars

Effects of biomass types (bark mulch versus sugar beet pulp) and carbonization processing conditions (temperature, residence time, and phase of reaction medium) on the chemical characteristics of hydrochars were examined by elemental analysis, solid-state 13C NMR, and chemical and biochemical oxygen...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2013-10, Vol.61 (39), p.9401-9411
Main Authors: Cao, Xiaoyan, Ro, Kyoung S, Libra, Judy A, Kammann, Claudia I, Lima, Isabel, Berge, Nicole, Li, Liang, Li, Yuan, Chen, Na, Yang, John, Deng, Baolin, Mao, Jingdong
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
bark
bark mulches
Beta vulgaris - chemistry
biochemical oxygen demand
Biological and medical sciences
biomass
carbohydrates
Carbohydrates - analysis
Carbohydrates - chemistry
Fertilizers - analysis
Fertilizers - economics
Food industries
Food-Processing Industry - economics
Forestry - economics
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Gardening - economics
Gardening - methods
Hot Temperature
Industrial Waste - analysis
Industrial Waste - economics
Manure
nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Odorants
Oxygen - chemistry
Plant Bark - chemistry
Plant Roots - chemistry
Soil - chemistry
Steam
sugar beet
sugar beet pulp
temperature
Time Factors
Water - chemistry
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Summary:Effects of biomass types (bark mulch versus sugar beet pulp) and carbonization processing conditions (temperature, residence time, and phase of reaction medium) on the chemical characteristics of hydrochars were examined by elemental analysis, solid-state 13C NMR, and chemical and biochemical oxygen demand measurements. Bark hydrochars were more aromatic than sugar beet hydrochars produced under the same processing conditions. The presence of lignin in bark led to a much lower biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) of bark than sugar beet and increasing trends of BOD after carbonization. Compared with those prepared at 200 °C, 250 °C hydrochars were more aromatic and depleted of carbohydrates. Longer residence time (20 versus 3 h) at 250 °C resulted in the enrichment of nonprotonated aromatic carbons. Both bark and sugar beet pulp underwent deeper carbonization during water hydrothermal carbonization than during steam hydrothermal carbonization (200 °C, 3 h) in terms of more abundant aromatic C but less carbohydrate C in water hydrochars.
ISSN:0021-8561
1520-5118
DOI:10.1021/jf402345k