Laboratory assessment of environmental impact of phthalazine

Phthalazine (2,3-benzodiazine) was a component of a specialized paper product, and its major route into the environment was through land disposal of waste paper. This assessment examined environmental release, partitioning and distribution of phthalazine, its probable fate, and possible biological e...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 1987-02, Vol.38 (2), p.332-336
Main Authors: LANDE, S. S, ELNABARAWY, M. T, REINER, E. A, WELTER, A. N, ROBIDEAU, R. R
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Applied sciences
Biodegradation, Environmental
Environmental Pollutants - analysis
Exact sciences and technology
Half-Life
Other techniques and industries
Phthalazines - analysis
Phthalazines - metabolism
Phthalazines - toxicity
Pyridazines - analysis
Soil Pollutants - analysis
Solubility
Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis
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Summary:Phthalazine (2,3-benzodiazine) was a component of a specialized paper product, and its major route into the environment was through land disposal of waste paper. This assessment examined environmental release, partitioning and distribution of phthalazine, its probable fate, and possible biological effects. Water solubility was over 5 per cent by weight, and vapour pressure at 25C was 0.42 mm mercury. Log Koc (soil:water partition coefficient) was measured at 3.17, suggesting low soil mobility. Biodegradation half life, predicted from quantitative structure activity relationships, was greater than 100 days. However, phthalazine gave a marginally positive result in the 28 day modified Zahn-Wellens test, and was thus considered inherently biodegradable under favourable conditions. LC50 values for phthalazine in aquatic organisms ranged from 10 to 100 mg per litre. It was moderately toxic to terrestrial plants (phytotoxic effects at 100-1000 mg per litre). Adverse effects on activated sludge systems appeared unlikely. In view of its relatively low toxicity, low bioaccumulation rate, and low potential for substantial quantities to enter the environment, phthalazine was considered unlikely to pose a significant environmental problem.
ISSN:0007-4861
1432-0800
DOI:10.1007/BF01606683