Relevance of lipopolysaccharide levels in HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment: the Neuradapt study

Contributory factors to HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) have been shown to include age, co-morbid infections, medication toxicity, virological, genetic and vascular mechanisms, as well as microbial translocation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which is suspected to trigger monocyte activ...

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Published in:Journal of neurovirology 2013-08, Vol.19 (4), p.376-382
Main Authors: Vassallo, Matteo, Dunais, Brigitte, Durant, Jacques, Carsenti-Dellamonica, Helene, Harvey-Langton, Alexandra, Cottalorda, Jacqueline, Ticchioni, Michel, Laffon, Muriel, Lebrun-Frenay, Christine, Dellamonica, Pierre, Pradier, Christian
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
AIDS Dementia Complex - blood
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Coinfection
Female
Hepatitis C - blood
Hepatitis C - complications
Hepatitis C virus
HIV Infections - blood
HIV Infections - complications
Human immunodeficiency virus
Humans
Immunology
Infectious Diseases
Lipopolysaccharides - blood
Male
Middle Aged
Neurology
Neuropsychological Tests
Neurosciences
Virology
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Summary:Contributory factors to HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) have been shown to include age, co-morbid infections, medication toxicity, virological, genetic and vascular mechanisms, as well as microbial translocation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which is suspected to trigger monocyte activation and increase trafficking of infected cells into the brain. In this study, our aim was to assess the degree of neurocognitive impairment in a group of randomly selected HIV-infected patients and investigate potential risk factors, including LPS plasma levels. Furthermore, we evaluated the relevance of LPS as a potential marker for screening patients with mild neurocognitive impairment. LPS plasma levels were compared among patients with HAND and those with no HAND. As LPS has also been shown to be elevated in hepatitis C co-infection, the analysis was stratified according to the presence or not of hepatitis C virus (HCV) co-infection. Differences between groups were evaluated using chi-square tests and Kruskal–Wallis non-parametric tests. Stepwise logistic regression was performed to identify independent risk factors for HAND in the subgroups of HCV-positive and negative patients. A p value
ISSN:1355-0284
1538-2443
DOI:10.1007/s13365-013-0181-y