Biosynthesis of fatty oils in higher plants

Triacylglycerols (TAGs) are one of the most important storage compounds of higher plants; they are the basis for essentially all plant oils and are used by the cell as a reserve source of energy and carbon. Therefore, as a rule, plants store oils almost exclusively in their seeds. Plant oils are not...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Russian journal of plant physiology 2014-01, Vol.61 (1), p.1-18
Main Authors: Sidorov, R. A, Tsydendambaev, V. D
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biomedical and Life Sciences
biosynthesis
carbon
Life Sciences
plant fats and oils
Plant Physiology
Plant Sciences
Reviews
ripening
seeds
triacylglycerols
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Summary:Triacylglycerols (TAGs) are one of the most important storage compounds of higher plants; they are the basis for essentially all plant oils and are used by the cell as a reserve source of energy and carbon. Therefore, as a rule, plants store oils almost exclusively in their seeds. Plant oils are not only a major food and feed products, but also the raw material for obtaining many nonfood products from drying oils and lubricants to biofuel. TAGs differ from other storage compounds in that in the course of fruit ripening their quantitative and qualitative composition does not remain constant, but undergoes significant changes. Therefore, the biosynthesis pathways of TAGs in living organisms have been actively studied for the past several decades, and today enough data can be presented to outline as how and where these processes occur in the plant cell. The present review is devoted to a brief description of current ideas about the ways and mechanisms of TAG formation and accumulation in higher plants.
ISSN:1021-4437
1608-3407
DOI:10.1134/s1021443714010130