Identification and bioactivity of volatile allelochemicals from amaranth residues

Volatile organic compounds emitted from the residues of the aerial portions of Amaranthus retroflexus, Amaranthus hybridus, Amaranthus cruentus, Amaranthus spinosus, Amaranthus hypochondriacus , and Amaranthus palmeri have been identified by capillary gas chromatography/mass spectrometry after therm...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 1989-05, Vol.37 (3), p.792-796
Main Authors: Connick, William J, Bradow, Judith M, Legendre, Michael G
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions
AMARANTHUS
Biological and medical sciences
COMPOSE ORGANIQUE
COMPOSE VOLATIL
COMPUESTO VOLATIL
COMPUESTOS ORGANICOS
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
General agronomy. Plant production
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Soil-plant relationships. Soil fertility
Soil-plant relationships. Soil fertility. Fertilization. Amendments
VOLATILE COMPOUNDS
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Summary:Volatile organic compounds emitted from the residues of the aerial portions of Amaranthus retroflexus, Amaranthus hybridus, Amaranthus cruentus, Amaranthus spinosus, Amaranthus hypochondriacus , and Amaranthus palmeri have been identified by capillary gas chromatography/mass spectrometry after thermal desorption from Tenax and Carbotrap. Seed germination bioassays using carrot, tomato, and onion were conducted at a vapor concentration of 34.4 mu mol/L with 31 of the identified compounds. While all the compounds were inhibitory, the most bioactive toward one or more of the test species were 3-methyl-1-butanol, 3-hexen-1-ol, 2-heptanol, pentanal, 2-methylbutanal, 3-methylbutanal, ethyl propionate, ethyl butyrate, ethyl isobutyrate, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, 2-pentanone, 3-pentanone, 3-methyl-2-butanone, 2-heptanone, and 2-nonanone. The results suggest that these volatiles, usually categorized as components of flavor, fragrance, and/or insect attractant mixtures, are also important factors in allelopathy and soil chemical ecology.
ISSN:0021-8561
1520-5118
DOI:10.1021/jf00087a049