Secure biometric image sensor and authentication scheme based on compressed sensing

• Published in: Applied optics (2004) 2013-11, Vol.52 (33), p.8161-8168
• Main Authors: Suzuki, Hiroyuki, Suzuki, Masamichi, Urabe, Takuya, Obi, Takashi, Yamaguchi, Masahiro, Ohyama, Nagaaki
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Algorithms; Authentication; Biometrics; Biometry - instrumentation; Biometry - methods; Compressed; Computer information security; Computer Security; Data Compression - methods; Detection; Fingers; Fingers - blood supply; Humans; Image Enhancement - instrumentation; Image Enhancement - methods; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted - instrumentation; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted - methods; Pattern Recognition, Automated - methods; Risk; Subtraction Technique; Veins - anatomy & histology
• ISSN: 1559-128X; 2155-3165
• DOI: 10.1364/ao.52.008161

It is important to ensure the security of biometric authentication information, because its leakage causes serious risks, such as replay attacks using the stolen biometric data, and also because it is almost impossible to replace raw biometric information. In this paper, we propose a secure biometric authentication scheme that protects such information by employing an optical data ciphering technique based on compressed sensing. The proposed scheme is based on two-factor authentication, the biometric information being supplemented by secret information that is used as a random seed for a cipher key. In this scheme, a biometric image is optically encrypted at the time of image capture, and a pair of restored biometric images for enrollment and verification are verified in the authentication server. If any of the biometric information is exposed to risk, it can be reenrolled by changing the secret information. Through numerical experiments, we confirm that finger vein images can be restored from the compressed sensing measurement data. We also present results that verify the accuracy of the scheme.