Comparison of Food Antioxidants and Iron Chelators in Two Cellular Free Radical Assays: Strong Protection by Luteolin

Liver (HepG2) cells were incubated with 21 edible flavonoids, carotenoids, polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) chromones, and metal chelators for 1 h, washed in PBS, and challenged in the cellular antioxidant activity (CAA) and the cellular lipid peroxidation antioxidant activity (CLPAA) assays. These...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2014-08, Vol.62 (33), p.8402-8410
Main Authors: Hofer, Tim, Jørgensen, Trond Ø, Olsen, Ragnar L
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
antioxidant activity
antioxidants
Antioxidants - chemistry
astaxanthin
beta-carotene
chelating agents
Chelating Agents - chemistry
free radicals
Free Radicals - chemistry
Hep G2 Cells
Humans
inhibitory concentration 50
ions
Iron - chemistry
Lipid Peroxidation
liver
luteolin
Luteolin - chemistry
Oxidation-Reduction
polyunsaturated fatty acids
protective effect
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Summary:Liver (HepG2) cells were incubated with 21 edible flavonoids, carotenoids, polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) chromones, and metal chelators for 1 h, washed in PBS, and challenged in the cellular antioxidant activity (CAA) and the cellular lipid peroxidation antioxidant activity (CLPAA) assays. These microplate format assays assess the compounds’ ability to protect against cytosolic peroxyl radicals (CAA) and induced membrane lipid peroxidation (CLPAA), respectively. Incubation encompassing a broad compound concentration range determined half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) by using sigmoidal curve fits. Overall, considering both assays, luteolin offered the greatest protection. The carotenoid astaxanthin offered only modest protection, whereas β-carotene was ineffective. Subtle structural differences between flavonoids were found to have amplified effects on protective abilities, and mechanisms of flavonoid antioxidant action are discussed. Membrane-permeable iron chelators (deferasirox and SIH) offered strong protective effects in CLPAA, but not in CAA, suggesting that CLPAA is dependent on membrane-associated free iron ions.
ISSN:0021-8561
1520-5118
DOI:10.1021/jf5022779