Turnover of organic nitrogen in soils and its availability to crops

Major known fractions of soil nitrogen are amino nitrogen (proteins, peptides), polymers of amino sugars, and $NH_4^ + $ fixed in interlayers of 2:1 minerals. Only a small percentage of the total soil organic N is easily mineralizable and contributes to the pool of mineral soil N. Predominant source...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Plant and soil 1996-04, Vol.181 (1), p.83-93
Main Author: Mengel, K. (Justus Liebig Univ., Giessen (Germany). Inst. of Plant Nutrition)
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acid soils
Agricultural soils
Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions
Alluvial soils
AZOTE
Biological and medical sciences
Chemical, physicochemical, biochemical and biological properties
DISPONIBILIDAD DE NUTRIENTES
DISPONIBILITE D'ELEMENT NUTRITIF
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
IMMOBILISATION
IMMOBILIZATION
INMOVILIZACION
MICROORGANISME
MICROORGANISMOS
MICROORGANISMS
MINERALISATION
MINERALIZACION
MINERALIZATION
NITROGEN
NITROGENO
NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY
Organic matter
Organic soils
Physics, chemistry, biochemistry and biology of agricultural and forest soils
Sand soils
Soil air
Soil biochemistry
Soil microorganisms
Soil organic matter
Soil science
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Summary:Major known fractions of soil nitrogen are amino nitrogen (proteins, peptides), polymers of amino sugars, and $NH_4^ + $ fixed in interlayers of 2:1 minerals. Only a small percentage of the total soil organic N is easily mineralizable and contributes to the pool of mineral soil N. Predominant sources of mineralization are amino-N and polymers of amino sugars present in the soil microbial biomass. Influx into this pool occurs with the application of organic matter (green manure, straw), organic carbon released by plant roots, Nâ‚‚ assimilation by leguminous species and inorganic nitrogen. Microbial metabolization of green manure proteins results in a partial mineralization of the applied organic N, microbial metabolization of straw in the assimilation (immobilization) of inorganic nitrogen. Microbial biomass is characterized by a narrow C/N ratio (proteins, peptidoglycans, polymers of amino sugars). Its metabolization therefore is associated with a partial mineralization of the attacked organic nitrogen compounds. Nitrogen mineralization consists of a sequence of enzymatic processes for which the living microbial biomass provides the enzymes and the dead microbial biomass the substrate.
ISSN:0032-079X
1573-5036
DOI:10.1007/bf00011295