Models of vertical cytomegalovirus (CMV) transmission and pathogenesis

Despite the considerable clinical impact of congenital human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection, the mechanisms of maternal–fetal transmission and the resultant placental and fetal damage are largely unknown. Here, we discuss animal models for the evaluation of CMV vaccines and virus-induced pathology...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Seminars in immunopathology 2014-11, Vol.36 (6), p.615-625
Main Authors: Weisblum, Yiska, Panet, Amos, Haimov-Kochman, Ronit, Wolf, Dana G.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Achievement tests
Animals
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Congenital diseases
Cytomegalovirus
Cytomegalovirus - physiology
Cytomegalovirus Infections - transmission
Cytomegalovirus Infections - virology
Disease Models, Animal
Disease prevention
Female
Fetuses
Human cytomegalovirus
Humans
Immune Tolerance
Immunology
Infections
Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical
Internal Medicine
Pathogenesis
Placenta
Placenta - immunology
Placenta - virology
Pregnancy
Pregnancy complications
Review
Vaccines
Virology
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Summary:Despite the considerable clinical impact of congenital human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection, the mechanisms of maternal–fetal transmission and the resultant placental and fetal damage are largely unknown. Here, we discuss animal models for the evaluation of CMV vaccines and virus-induced pathology and particularly explore surrogate human models for HCMV transmission and pathogenesis in the maternal–fetal interface. Studies in floating and anchoring placental villi and more recently, ex vivo modeling of HCMV infection in integral human decidual tissues, provide unique insights into patterns of viral tropism, spread, and injury, defining the outcome of congenital infection, and the effect of potential antiviral interventions.
ISSN:1863-2297
1863-2300
DOI:10.1007/s00281-014-0449-1