Effect of glutamine supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes

• Published in: Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) Los Angeles County, Calif.), 2015, Vol.31 (1), p.119-126
• Main Authors: Mansour, Asieh, M.Sc, Mohajeri- Tehrani, Mohammad Reza, M.D, Qorbani, Mostafa, Ph.D, Heshmat, Ramin, M.D., Ph.D, Larijani, Bagher, M.D, Hosseini, Saeed, M.D., Ph.D
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adipose Tissue - drug effects; Adipose Tissue - metabolism; Adult; Blood Glucose - metabolism; Blood pressure; Blood Pressure - drug effects; Body Composition; Body Mass Index; Body weight; C-Reactive Protein - metabolism; Cardiovascular Diseases - blood; Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control; Cholesterol; Cholesterol, HDL - blood; Cholesterol, LDL - blood; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - blood; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - drug therapy; Diet; Dietary Supplements; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Female; Gastroenterology and Hepatology; GLP-1; Glutamine - administration & dosage; Glutamine - blood; Glutamine supplementation; Glycated Hemoglobin A - metabolism; Health risks; Homeostasis; Humans; Hyperglycemia; Insulin; Insulin - blood; Insulin Resistance; Male; Middle Aged; Motor Activity; Risk Factors; Triglycerides - blood; Type 2 diabetes; Weight control
• ISSN: 0899-9007; 1873-1244
• DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2014.05.014

Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to assess clinical relevance of long-term oral glutamine supplementation on lipid profile and inflammatory and metabolic factors in patients with diabetes. Method Sixty-six patients with type 2 diabetes between the ages of 18 and 65 y were randomized to receive glutamine 30 g/d (10 g powder, three times a day) or placebo, in a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial during a 6-wk treatment period. Fifty-three patients completed the trial. Independent samples t  test and analysis of covariance were used. Results After a 6-wk treatment period, a significant difference was observed between the two groups in body fat mass ( P  = 0.01) and percentage of body fat ( P  = 0.008). Moreover, a significant reduction in waist circumference ( P   0.05). No significant difference was observed between groups in total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride. No treatment effect on C-reactive protein was found ( P  = 0.44). Conclusion We demonstrated that the 6-wk supplementation with 30 g/d glutamine markedly improved some cardiovascular risk factors, as well as body composition, in patients with type 2 diabetes. Future glutamine dose–response studies are warranted in these areas.