On the Connection Between Autoimmunity, tic Disorders and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders: A Meta-Analysis on Anti-Streptolysin O Titres

Anti-streptolysin O (ASO) titration is useful in the context of autoimmune pathologies, including specific cases of tic and obsessive-compulsive disorders occurring after streptococcal infections. There is currently a lack of consensus on the use of ASO titres; therefore we performed a meta-analysis...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology 2014-12, Vol.9 (5), p.606-614
Main Authors: Pozzi, Marco, Pellegrino, Paolo, Carnovale, Carla, Perrone, Valentina, Antoniazzi, Stefania, Perrotta, Cristiana, Radice, Sonia, Clementi, Emilio
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antistreptolysin - blood
Antistreptolysin - immunology
Autoimmunity - physiology
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Case-Control Studies
Cell Biology
Humans
Immunology
Invited Review
Meta-analysis
Neurosciences
Neuroses
Obsessive compulsive disorder
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder - blood
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder - immunology
Pharmacology/Toxicology
Streptococcus
Tic Disorders - blood
Tic Disorders - immunology
Virology
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Summary:Anti-streptolysin O (ASO) titration is useful in the context of autoimmune pathologies, including specific cases of tic and obsessive-compulsive disorders occurring after streptococcal infections. There is currently a lack of consensus on the use of ASO titres; therefore we performed a meta-analysis to systematise available data and clarify the role of ASO titres in the context of neuropsychiatric disorders. A meta-analysis was performed on ASO titration in neuropsychiatric patients, including tic disorders and obsessive-compulsive disorders. Included studies reported numbers of positive subjects, depending on a chosen threshold, or detailed ASO titrations. Three hundred and twenty nine studies were identified, of which 13 were eligible for meta-analysis. Due to limited available data, only tic disorders were evaluated. The odds ratio of finding an abnormal ASO titre in patients was 3.22 (95 % C.I. 1.51–6.88) as compared to healthy controls and 16.14 (95 % C.I. 8.11–32.11) as compared to non-psychiatric patients. Studies using different thresholds were generally concordant. ASO titres were also compared quantitatively, finding an overall difference of the means of 70.50 U/ml (95 % C.I. 25.21–115.80) in favour of patients with tic disorders. Based on current evidence, tic disorders are associated with a significant increase in ASO titres, evident both in a threshold-level perspective and on a quantitative level. These results encourage the systematisation of ASO titration in the context of tic disorders.
ISSN:1557-1890
1557-1904
DOI:10.1007/s11481-014-9561-1