Disruption of Spatial but Not Object-Recognition Memory by Neurotoxic Lesions of the Dorsal Hippocampus in Rats

Ischemia-induced cell loss in the CA1 region of the dorsal hippocampus results in severe deficits on delayed non-matching-to-sample (DNMS), whereas hippocampectomy produces little or no impairment, suggesting that partial hippocampal damage is more detrimental to DNMS performance than total ablation...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Behavioral neuroscience 1997-12, Vol.111 (6), p.1184-1196
Main Authors: Duva, Christopher A, Floresco, Stan B, Wunderlich, Glen R, Lao, Terrance L, Pinel, John P. J, Phillips, Anthony G
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amnesia - physiopathology
Anatomical correlates of behavior
Animal
Animals
Behavioral psychophysiology
Biological and medical sciences
Brain Injuries - physiopathology
Cerebral Cortex - injuries
Cerebral Cortex - pathology
Discrimination Learning - drug effects
Discrimination Learning - physiology
Disease Models, Animal
Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Hippocampus
Hippocampus - drug effects
Hippocampus - injuries
Hippocampus - pathology
Hippocampus - physiopathology
Male
Maze Learning - drug effects
Maze Learning - physiology
Memory
Memory - drug effects
Memory - physiology
N-Methylaspartate
Neurology
Object Recognition
Orientation - drug effects
Orientation - physiology
Pattern Recognition, Visual - drug effects
Pattern Recognition, Visual - physiology
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychology. Psychophysiology
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Rodents
Spatial Memory
Temporal Lobe - physiopathology
Time Factors
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Summary:Ischemia-induced cell loss in the CA1 region of the dorsal hippocampus results in severe deficits on delayed non-matching-to-sample (DNMS), whereas hippocampectomy produces little or no impairment, suggesting that partial hippocampal damage is more detrimental to DNMS performance than total ablation. To test this hypothesis, rats with or without preoperative DNMS training were given partial cytotoxic lesions of the dorsal hippocampus. When tested, neither group displayed any DNMS deficits despite widespread cell loss in the CA1 and other regions of the dorsal hippocampus. In the final experiments, rats tested previously on DNMS were found to be impaired on the Morris water maze. The finding that partial hippocampal lesions disrupt spatial memory while leaving object-recognition memory intact indicates a specialized role for the hippocampus in mnemonic processes.
ISSN:0735-7044
1939-0084
DOI:10.1037/0735-7044.111.6.1184