Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Anchored Fe3O4 Nanoparticles on Graphene Foam and Lithium Battery Performance

• Published in: ACS applied materials & interfaces 2014-12, Vol.6 (24), p.22527-22533
• Main Authors: Hu, Xuebo, Ma, Minhao, Zeng, Mengqi, Sun, Yangyong, Chen, Linfeng, Xue, Yinghui, Zhang, Tao, Ai, Xinping, Mendes, Rafael G, Rümmeli, Mark H, Fu, Lei
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• ISSN: 1944-8244; 1944-8252
• DOI: 10.1021/am5066255

Magnetite (Fe3O4) is an attractive electrode material due to its high theoretical capacity, eco-friendliness, and natural abundance. However, its commercial application in lithium-ion batteries is still hindered by its poor cycling stability and low rate capacity resulting from large volume expansion and low conductivity. We present a new approach which makes use of supercritical carbon dioxide to efficiently anchor Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) on graphene foam (GF), which was obtained by chemical vapor deposition in a single step. Without the use of any surfactants, we obtain moderately spaced Fe3O4 NPs arrays on the surface of GF. The particle size of the Fe3O4 NPs exhibits a narrow distribution (11 ± 4 nm in diameter). As a result, the composites deliver a high capacity of about 1200 mAh g–1 up to 500 cycles at 1 C (924 mAh g–1) and about 300 mAh g–1 at 20 C, which reaches a record high using Fe3O4 as anode material for lithium-ion batteries.