The role of oxidative DNA damage in radiation induced bystander effect

Abstract Ionizing radiation (IR) has been described as a double-edged sword, since it is used for diagnostic and therapeutic medical applications, and at the same time it is a well known human mutagen and carcinogen, causing wide-ranging chromosomal aberrations. It is nowadays accepted that the detr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cancer letters 2015-01, Vol.356 (1), p.43-51
Main Authors: Havaki, Sophia, Kotsinas, Athanassios, Chronopoulos, Efstathios, Kletsas, Dimitris, Georgakilas, Alexandros, Gorgoulis, Vassilis G
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antioxidants
Apoptosis
Bystander Effect - radiation effects
Cancer
Chromosome Aberrations - radiation effects
Cytokines - metabolism
Cytokines - radiation effects
DDR response
DNA - genetics
DNA - radiation effects
DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded - radiation effects
DNA damage
DNA Repair
Genomic Instability - radiation effects
Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine
Humans
Mitochondria - pathology
Neoplasms - radiotherapy
Oxidative DNA damage
Oxidative Stress
Radiation induced bystander effect
Reactive Nitrogen Species - radiation effects
Reactive Oxygen Species - radiation effects
Rodents
Signal Transduction - radiation effects
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Summary:Abstract Ionizing radiation (IR) has been described as a double-edged sword, since it is used for diagnostic and therapeutic medical applications, and at the same time it is a well known human mutagen and carcinogen, causing wide-ranging chromosomal aberrations. It is nowadays accepted that the detrimental effects of IR are not restricted only in the irradiated cells, but also to non-irradiated bystander or even distant cells manifesting various biological effects. This review presents the role of oxidative stress in the induction of bystander effects referring to the types of the implicated oxidative DNA lesions, the contributing intercellular and intracellular stress mediators, the way they are transmitted from irradiated to bystander cells and finally, the complex role of the bystander effect in the therapeutic efficacy of radiation treatment of cancer.
ISSN:0304-3835
1872-7980
DOI:10.1016/j.canlet.2014.01.023