Previous infection of sows with a “mild” strain of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus confers protection against infection with a “severe” strain

•Exposure of sows to a mild strain of PEDV protects piglets against virulent challenge.•Previous sow exposure reduces shedding in infected piglets.•Passive immune protection in milk was shown to last at least seven months. Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDv) infected approximately 50% of the US s...

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Published in:Veterinary microbiology 2015-03, Vol.176 (1-2), p.161-164
Main Authors: Goede, Dane, Murtaugh, Michael P., Nerem, Joel, Yeske, Paul, Rossow, Kurt, Morrison, Robert
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Colostrum
Coronavirus Infections - immunology
Coronavirus Infections - veterinary
Coronavirus Infections - virology
Epidemic diarrhea
Female
Immunity
Pig
Porcine
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus - pathogenicity
Sow
Swine
Swine Diseases - immunology
Swine Diseases - virology
Virulence
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Summary:•Exposure of sows to a mild strain of PEDV protects piglets against virulent challenge.•Previous sow exposure reduces shedding in infected piglets.•Passive immune protection in milk was shown to last at least seven months. Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDv) infected approximately 50% of the US swine breeding herds from July 2013 to July 2014 as estimated by the Swine Health Monitoring Project. In the absence of effective vaccines or standard control protocols, there is an urgent need for evidence of cross-protective immune countermeasures. Here, we evaluated the response of 3-day-old piglets born to sows exposed seven months earlier to a mild strain of PEDv to challenge with a virulent PEDv isolate. Piglet survival to one week of age was 100% compared to 67% in piglets born to sows not previously exposed, and morbidity was 43% compared to 100%, respectively. At necropsy at 7 days of age, the PEDv Ct value was 23.6 (range 16.6–30.6) in intestinal contents, compared to 17.2 (range 15.9–18.5) (p
ISSN:0378-1135
1873-2542
DOI:10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.12.019