Aggregation pheromone for the pepper weevil, Anthonomus eugenii cano (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): identification and field activity

This study describes the identification of an aggregation pheromone for the pepper weevil, Anthonomus eugenii and field trials of a synthetic pheromone blend. Volatile collections and gas chromatography revealed the presence of six male-specific compounds. These compounds were identified using chrom...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of chemical ecology 1994-07, Vol.20 (7), p.1537-1555
Main Authors: Eller, F.J. (Bioactive Constituents Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, USDA, ARS, MWA, Peoria, IL.), Bartelt, R.J, Shasha, B.S, Schuster, D.J, Riley, R.G, Stansly, P.A, Mueller, T.F, Shuler, K.D, Johnson, B, Davis, J.H
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal and plant ecology
Animal, plant and microbial ecology
Animals
ANTHONOMUS
Anthonomus eugenii
Autoecology
Biological and medical sciences
Coleoptera
COMPOSE VOLATIL
COMPOSICION QUIMICA
COMPOSITION CHIMIQUE
COMPUESTO VOLATIL
CONTROL DE INSECTOS
CONTROLE CONTINU
ENSAYO
FEROMONAS
FLORIDA
FLORIDE
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
INSECTE NUISIBLE
INSECTOS DANINOS
Invertebrates
LUTTE ANTIINSECTE
MACHO
MALE
PHEROMONE
PIEGE
Protozoa. Invertebrata
TESTAGE
TEXAS
TRAMPAS
VIGILANCIA
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Summary:This study describes the identification of an aggregation pheromone for the pepper weevil, Anthonomus eugenii and field trials of a synthetic pheromone blend. Volatile collections and gas chromatography revealed the presence of six male-specific compounds. These compounds were identified using chromatographic and spectral techniques as: (Z)-2-(3,3-dimethylcyclohexylidene)ethanol, (E)-2-(3,3-dimethylcyclohexylidene)ethanol, (Z)(3,3-dimethylcyclohexylidene)acetaldehyde, (E)-(3,3-dimethylcyclohexylidene)acetaldehyde, (E)-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienoic acid (geranic acid), and (E)-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol (geraniol). The emission rates of these compounds from feeding males were determined to be about: 7.2, 4.8, 0.45, 0.30, 2.0, and 0.30 micrograms/male/day, respectively. Sticky traps baited with a synthetic blend of these compounds captured more pepper weevils (both sexes) than did unbaited control traps or pheromone-baited boll weevil traps. Commercial and laboratory formulations of the synthetic pheromone were both attractive. However, the commercial formulation did not release geranic acid properly, and geranic acid is necessary for full activity. The pheromones of the pepper weevil and the boll weevil are compared. Improvements for increasing trap efficiency and possible uses for the pepper weevil pheromone are discussed. A convenient method for purifying geranic acid is also described
ISSN:0098-0331
1573-1561
DOI:10.1007/bf02059879