The Radio Continuum Structure of Centaurus A at 1.4 GHz

• Published in: The Astrophysical journal 2011-10, Vol.740 (1), p.17-jQuery1323902748723='48'
• Main Authors: Feain, I. J, Cornwell, T. J, Ekers, R. D, Calabretta, M. R, Norris, R. P, Johnston-Hollitt, M, Ott, J, Lindley, E, Gaensler, B. M, Murphy, T, Middelberg, E, Jiraskova, S, O'Sullivan, S, McClure-Griffiths, N. M, Bland-Hawthorn, J
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Astronomy; Continuums; Earth, ocean, space; Exact sciences and technology; Fluid flow; Lobes; Radio; Radio galaxies; Surface brightness; Vortices
• ISSN: 0004-637X; 1538-4357
• DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/740/1/17

A 45 deg2 radio continuum imaging campaign of the nearest radio galaxy, Centaurus A, is reported. Using the Australia Telescope Compact Array and the Parkes 64 m radio telescope at 1.4 GHz, the spatial resolution of the resultant image is ~600 pc (~50''), resolving the 500 kpc giant radio lobes with approximately five times better physical resolution compared to any previous image, and making this the most detailed radio continuum image of any radio galaxy to date. In this paper, we present these new data and discuss briefly some of the most interesting morphological features that we have discovered in the images. The two giant outer lobes are highly structured and considerably distinct. The southern part of the giant northern lobe naturally extends out from the northern middle lobe with uniformly north-streaming emission. The well known northern loop is resolved into a series of semi-regular shells with a spacing of approximately 25 kpc. The northern part of the giant northern lobe also contains identifiable filaments and partial ring structures. As seen in previous single-dish images at lower angular resolution, the giant southern lobe is not physically connected to the core at radio wavelengths. Almost the entirety of the giant southern lobe is resolved into a largely chaotic and mottled structure which appears considerably different (morphologically) to the diffuse regularity of the northern lobe. We report the discovery of a vertex and a vortex near the western boundary of the southern lobe, two striking, high surface brightness features that are named based on their morphology and not their dynamics (which are presently unknown). The vortex and vertex are modeled as reaccelerated lobe emission due to shocks from the active galactic nucleus itself or from the passage of a dwarf elliptical galaxy through the lobe. Preliminary polarimetric and spectral index studies support a plasma reacceleration model and could explain the origin of the Faraday rotation structure detected in the southern lobe. In addition, there are a series of low surface brightness wisps detected around the edges of both the giant lobes.