‘Doing the writing’ and ‘working in parallel’: How ‘distal nursing’ affects delegation and supervision in the emerging role of the newly qualified nurse

• Published in: Nurse education today 2015-02, Vol.35 (2), p.e29-e33
• Main Authors: Johnson, Martin, Magnusson, Carin, Allan, Helen, Evans, Karen, Ball, Elaine, Horton, Khim, Curtis, Kathy, Westwood, Sue
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aark project; Allied Health Personnel; Anthropology, Cultural; Attitude of Health Personnel; Case Studies; Clinical Competence; Delegation; Documentation; Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate; England; Health care support workers; Humans; Interprofessional Relations; Multi-disciplinary working; Newly qualified nurses; Nurses; Nursing; Nursing assistants; Nursing care; Nursing, Supervisory - standards; Record keeping; Supervision
• ISSN: 0260-6917; 1532-2793
• DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2014.11.020

The role of the acute hospital nurse has moved away from the direct delivery of patient care and more towards the management of the delivery of bedside care by healthcare assistants. How newly qualified nurses delegate to and supervise healthcare assistants is important as failures can lead to care being missed, duplicated and/or incorrectly performed. The data described here form part of a wider study which explored how newly qualified nurses recontextualise knowledge into practice, and develop and apply effective delegation and supervision skills. This article analyses team working between newly qualified nurses and healthcare assistants, and nurses' balancing of administrative tasks with bedside care. Ethnographic case studies were undertaken in three hospital sites in England, using a mixed methods approach involving: participant observations; interviews with 33 newly qualified nurses, 10 healthcare assistants and 12 ward managers. Data were analysed using thematic analysis, aided by the qualitative software NVivo. Multiple demands upon the newly qualified nurses' time, particularly the pressures to maintain records, can influence how effectively they delegate to, and supervise, healthcare assistants. While some nurses and healthcare assistants work successfully together, others work ‘in parallel’ rather than as an efficient team. While some ward cultures and individual working styles promote effective team working, others lead to less efficient collaboration between newly qualified nurses and healthcare assistants. In particular the need for qualified nurses to maintain records can create a gap between them, and between nurses and patients. Newly qualified nurses require more assistance in managing their own time and developing successful working relationships with healthcare assistants.