Exercise training increases anabolic and attenuates catabolic and apoptotic processes in aged skeletal muscle of male rats

Aging results in significant loss of mass and function of the skeletal muscle, which negatively impacts the quality of life. In this study we investigated whether aerobic exercise training has the potential to alter anabolic and catabolic pathways in the skeletal muscle. Five and twenty eight month...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Experimental gerontology 2015-07, Vol.67, p.9-14
Main Authors: Ziaaldini, Mohammad Mosaferi, Koltai, Erika, Csende, Zsolt, Goto, Sataro, Boldogh, Istvan, Taylor, Albert W., Radak, Zsolt
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aging
Aging - metabolism
Aging - pathology
Aging - physiology
Animals
Apoptosis - physiology
Exercise
Follistatin
Follistatin - metabolism
Male
Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism
Muscle, Skeletal - pathology
Myostatin
Myostatin - metabolism
Physical Conditioning, Animal
Rats, Wistar
Reactive oxygen species
Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism
Signal Transduction - physiology
Skeletal muscle
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Summary:Aging results in significant loss of mass and function of the skeletal muscle, which negatively impacts the quality of life. In this study we investigated whether aerobic exercise training has the potential to alter anabolic and catabolic pathways in the skeletal muscle. Five and twenty eight month old rats were used in the study. Aging resulted in decreased levels of follistatin/mTOR/Akt/Erk activation and increased myostatin/Murf1/2, proteasome subunits, and protein ubiquitination levels. In addition, TNF-α, reactive oxygen species (ROS), p53, and Bax levels were increased while Bcl-2 levels were decreased in the skeletal muscle of aged rats. Six weeks of exercise training at 60% of VO2max reversed the age-associated activation of catabolic and apoptotic pathways and increased anabolic signaling. The results suggest that the age-associated loss of muscle mass and cachexia could be due to the orchestrated down-regulation of anabolic and up-regulation of catabolic and pro-apoptotic processes. These metabolic changes can be attenuated by exercise training. •Follistation mediated anabolic signaling is decreased in aged skeletal muscle.•Aging increases myostatin/Murf1/2, proteasome subunits, and protein ubiquitination levels.•Aerobic exercise training decelerates the aging process in the skeletal muscle.
ISSN:0531-5565
1873-6815
DOI:10.1016/j.exger.2015.04.008