Intraoperative consultation on pediatric central nervous system tumors by squash cytology

Squash cytology (SC) is a very useful procedure during neurosurgical intraoperative consultation (IOC), and it is especially recommended for the evaluation of soft tumors or tumors that are highly cellular (just the characteristics of pediatric central nervous system [CNS] tumors). The aim of this r...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cancer cytopathology 2015-06, Vol.123 (6), p.331-346
Main Authors: Lacruz, César R., Catalina‐Fernández, Inmaculada, Bardales, Ricardo H., Pimentel, José, López‐Presa, Dolores, Sáenz‐Santamaría, Javier
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
central nervous system
Central Nervous System Neoplasms - diagnosis
Child
Cytodiagnosis - methods
cytopathology
Humans
intraoperative
Intraoperative Period
Neurosurgical Procedures
pediatric brain tumors
Quality Assurance, Health Care
Referral and Consultation
squash cytology
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Summary:Squash cytology (SC) is a very useful procedure during neurosurgical intraoperative consultation (IOC), and it is especially recommended for the evaluation of soft tumors or tumors that are highly cellular (just the characteristics of pediatric central nervous system [CNS] tumors). The aim of this review is to familiarize pathologists with the range of cytomorphologic appearances that can occur during IOC for pediatric CNS tumors and with the diagnostic dilemmas and pitfalls encountered in this setting. This article is based on the medical literature and the authors' experience with a large series of cases accrued over a 12‐year period at 3 institutions. SC is a specially recommended procedure in IOC for pediatric CNS tumors; it reveals the fine cellular details and background features in a manner not seen in corresponding frozen sections. Indeed, a differential diagnosis between histologically look‐alike processes can be achieved with more confidence if SC is employed. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2015;123:331–46. © 2015 American Cancer Society. In pediatric central nervous system tumors, squash cytology improves the diagnostic accuracy and protects tissue from freezing artifacts; its use is recommended in every case. A Romanowsky‐stained preparation provides valuable information about the background features of the examined lesion and complements conventional hematoxylin and eosin and Papanicolaou staining methods.
ISSN:1934-662X
1934-6638
DOI:10.1002/cncy.21537