Flame Retardancy and Mechanism of Bismaleimide Resins Based on a Unique Inorganic–Organic Hybridized Intumescent Flame Retardant

To completely overcome three critical disadvantages of traditional intumescent flame retardants, a unique hybridized intumescent flame retardant (HPSi-IFR) with three-dimensional structure was synthesized, which has amine groups and Si and P elements. HPSi-IFR has very high thermal stability under e...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Industrial & engineering chemistry research 2013-10, Vol.52 (43), p.15075-15087
Main Authors: Yang, Chengwu, Liang, Guozheng, Gu, Aijuan, Yuan, Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bismaleimides
Bisphenol A
Flame retardants
Intumescent
Mass transfer
Polymers
Resins
Three dimensional
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Summary:To completely overcome three critical disadvantages of traditional intumescent flame retardants, a unique hybridized intumescent flame retardant (HPSi-IFR) with three-dimensional structure was synthesized, which has amine groups and Si and P elements. HPSi-IFR has very high thermal stability under either a nitrogen or air atmosphere. With a small addition of HPSi-IFR, the modified bismaleimide/diallyl bisphenol A (BDM/DBA) resin has significantly improved flame retardancy. With only 5 wt % addition of HPSi-IFR into BDM/DBA resin, the residue at 800 °C increases 23.1 wt %; meanwhile, the heat release capacity, the total heat release, and the maximum heat release are only 67, 55, and 63% of those of BDM/DBA resin, respectively. To reveal the mechanism behind the attractive flame retarding effect of HPSi-IFR, the char formation chemistry and thermodegradation kinetics were intensively studied. Results show that HPSi-IFR greatly improves the ability of producing a stable and condensed barrier that prevents the heat and mass transfer.
ISSN:0888-5885
1520-5045
DOI:10.1021/ie402047v