Defects and localization in chemically-derived graphene

We have performed electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements on a large assembly of graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) flakes. In GO samples the Curie tail is coming from 1.4 x 10 super(18) cm super(-3) of localized spins. Although reduction of GO was expected to reestablish the pr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Physical review. B, Condensed matter and materials physics Condensed matter and materials physics, 2012-11, Vol.86 (19), Article 195139
Main Authors: Ćirić, L., Sienkiewicz, A., Gaál, R., Jaćimović, J., Vâju, C., Magrez, A., Forró, L.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Condensed matter
Defects
Doping
Electron paramagnetic resonance
Graphene
Oxides
Position (location)
Reduction
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Summary:We have performed electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements on a large assembly of graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) flakes. In GO samples the Curie tail is coming from 1.4 x 10 super(18) cm super(-3) of localized spins. Although reduction of GO was expected to reestablish the pristine properties of graphene, no Pauli-like contribution was detected and only a low concentration of 1.2 x 10 super(16) cm super(-3) spin carrying defects were measured. Our study, completed by resistivity measurements, shows that the carrier transport in RGO samples is dominated by hopping. The incomplete reduction of GO leaves behind a large number of defects, presumably the majority of which are ESR silent, causing the Anderson localization of the electronic states. Slight doping with potassium indicates the appearance of a Pauli contribution in the spin susceptibility.
ISSN:1098-0121
1550-235X
DOI:10.1103/PhysRevB.86.195139