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Pitfall trap designs to maximize invertebrate captures and minimize captures of nontarget vertebrates

Pitfall traps containing a preservative have become the standard method of sampling for epigeal invertebrates such as carabid beetles and cursorial spiders. However, they often result in high levels of mortality for small mammals and amphibians. We compared the carabid, spider, and vertebrate captur...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Canadian entomologist 2005-04, Vol.137 (2), p.233-250
Main Authors: Pearce, J.L., Schuurman, D., Barber, K.N., Larrivée, M., Venier, L.A., McKee, J., McKenney, D.
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:Pitfall traps containing a preservative have become the standard method of sampling for epigeal invertebrates such as carabid beetles and cursorial spiders. However, they often result in high levels of mortality for small mammals and amphibians. We compared the carabid, spider, and vertebrate captures within five pitfall trap types (conventional trap, funnel trap, shallow trap, Nordlander trap, and the ramp trap) to determine the trap type that would reduce vertebrate incidental catch without compromising the capture of invertebrates. We also examined the effect of a mesh screen over pitfall traps on carabid beetle and vertebrate catches. All modifications to the conventional trap design resulted in a reduction in both small mammal and amphibian captures. The shallow pitfall trap and the funnel trap captured a carabid beetle and spider fauna similar to that captured by the conventional trap. The species compositions of the ramp trap and the Nordlander trap were different from those of the other trap types, but these traps were more efficient, capturing more species per individual captured. The ramp trap appeared to be the method of choice for sampling epigeal spiders. Thus, the choice among trap designs for invertebrates depends on the objectives of the study. However, an alternative to the conventional trap design should always be considered to reduce small mammal mortality. Les pièges à fosse contenant un liquide de conservation constituent la méthode standard pour la récolte d'invertébrés épigées, tels que les coléoptères carabidés et les araignées coureuses. Cependant, leur usage entraîne souvent de fortes mortalités de petits mammifères et d'amphibiens. Nous avons comparé les récoltes de carabes, d'araignées et de vertébrés dans cinq types de pièges à fosse (modèle ordinaire, en entonnoir, à forme surbaissée, type Nordlander et à rampe) afin de déterminer le type de piège qui permette de réduire les captures accessoires, sans minimiser la récolte d'invertébrés. Nous avons aussi examiné l'effet d'un grillage au-dessus du piège sur les récoltes de carabes et de vertébrés. Toute modification du modèle ordinaire entraîne une réduction des captures de petits mammifères et d'amphibiens. Les pièges à forme surbaissée et en entonnoir récoltent une faune de carabes et d'araignées semblable à celle du piège ordinaire. La composition en espèces des récoltes au pièges de type Nordlander et à rampe diffère de celle des autres types, mais ces pièges sont plus effic
ISSN:0008-347X
1918-3240
DOI:10.4039/n04-029