Analysis of high gradient magnetic field effects on distribution of nanoparticles injected into pulsatile blood stream

• Published in: Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials 2012-04, Vol.324 (8), p.1473-1482
• Main Authors: Reza Habibi, Mohammad, Ghassemi, Majid, Hossien Hamedi, Mohammad
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Biological and medical sciences; Blood; Carriers; Differential equations; Drugs; Magnetic fields; Magnetic nanoparticle; Mathematical analysis; Medical sciences; Nanoparticles; Navier-Stokes equations; Radiotherapy. Instrumental treatment. Physiotherapy. Reeducation. Rehabilitation, orthophony, crenotherapy. Diet therapy and various other treatments (general aspects); Technology. Biomaterials. Equipments. Material. Instrumentation; Unsteady biofluid
• ISSN: 0304-8853
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jmmm.2011.11.022

Magnetic nanoparticles are widely used in a wide range of applications including data storage materials, pharmaceutical industries as magnetic separation tools, anti-cancer drug carriers and micro valve applications. The purpose of the current study is to investigate the effect of a non-uniform magnetic field on bio-fluid (blood) with magnetic nanoparticles. The effect of particles as well as mass fraction on flow field and volume concentration is investigated. The governing non-linear differential equations, concentration and Navier–stokes are coupled with the magnetic field. To solve these equations, a finite volume based code is developed and utilized. A real pulsatile velocity is utilized as inlet boundary condition. This velocity is extracted from an actual experimental data. Three percent nanoparticles volume concentration, as drug carrier, is steadily injected in an unsteady, pulsatile and non-Newtonian flow. A power law model is considered for the blood viscosity. The results show that during the systole section of the heartbeat when the blood velocity increases, the magnetic nanoparticles near the magnetic source are washed away. This is due to the sudden increase of the hydrodynamic force, which overcomes the magnetic force. The probability of vein blockage increases when the blood velocity reduces during the diastole time. As nanoparticles velocity injection decreases (longer injection time) the wall shear stress (especially near the injection area) decreases and the retention time of the magnetic nanoparticles in the blood flow increases. ► At the systole time nanoparticles were washed away and concentration decreases. ► Increasing injection velocity increases the shear stress on upper wall. ► With decreasing blood velocity nanoparticles remain in flow for longer time. ► Magnetic nanoparticles aggregation couldn't change external magnetic field.