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In vitro polyploidy induction: changes in morphological, anatomical and phytochemical characteristics of Thymus persicus (Lamiaceae)
Thymus persicus, which grows in the northwest area of Iran, is a valuable natural source of medicinal pentacyclic triterpenoids (PTs), i.e. betulinic acid, oleanolic acid and ursolic acid. An in vitro approach to polyploidy induction in the plant was examined for the first time. Polyploidization was...
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| Published in: | Plant cell, tissue and organ culture tissue and organ culture, 2015-09, Vol.122 (3), p.573-583 |
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| container_title | Plant cell, tissue and organ culture |
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| creator | Tavan, Mansoureh Mirjalili, Mohammad Hossein Karimzadeh, Ghasem |
| description | Thymus persicus, which grows in the northwest area of Iran, is a valuable natural source of medicinal pentacyclic triterpenoids (PTs), i.e. betulinic acid, oleanolic acid and ursolic acid. An in vitro approach to polyploidy induction in the plant was examined for the first time. Polyploidization was induced using in vitro-grown T. persicus shoot-tips immersed in colchicine (0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 %) for 12–48 h. Ploidy levels of regenerates were determined by either flow cytometry or chromosome counting at the metaphase. The results confirmed that the mother diploid plant contained a chromosome number of 2n = 2x = 28, 2C DNA = 1.20 pg, whereas 2n = 4x = 56, 2C DNA = 2.39 pg was detected in the induced autotetraploids (CV% |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s11240-015-0789-0 |
| format | article |
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An in vitro approach to polyploidy induction in the plant was examined for the first time. Polyploidization was induced using in vitro-grown T. persicus shoot-tips immersed in colchicine (0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 %) for 12–48 h. Ploidy levels of regenerates were determined by either flow cytometry or chromosome counting at the metaphase. The results confirmed that the mother diploid plant contained a chromosome number of 2n = 2x = 28, 2C DNA = 1.20 pg, whereas 2n = 4x = 56, 2C DNA = 2.39 pg was detected in the induced autotetraploids (CV% < 4 %). Out of 960 shoot tip segments exposed to colchicine, 7.80 and 1.04 % were tetraploid and mixoploid, respectively. The most efficient conditions for inducing polyploidy were the treatment with 0.3 % colchicine for 12 h, followed by 0.3 % for 24 h. The effect of polyploidization on growth and anatomical characteristics as well as PTs production was also measured. Tetraploids differed markedly from diploids, showing lower plantlet height, shorter roots, thicker stems and darker leaves, as well as longer and wider stomata and reduced stomatal density on the abaxial and adaxial leaf surfaces. Furthermore, a positive trend in triterpenoid production was obtained with the tetraploid and mixoploid T. persicus plants. These findings indicate that tetraploids can potentially be used in further breeding efforts to obtain a wide range of triterpenoids with improved medicinal properties.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0167-6857</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1573-5044</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s11240-015-0789-0</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands</publisher><subject>Betulinic acid ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; breeding ; Chromosome number ; Chromosomes ; Colchicine ; Deoxyribonucleic acid ; Diploids ; diploidy ; DNA ; Flow cytometry ; Lamiaceae ; Leaves ; Life Sciences ; medicinal properties ; Metaphase ; mixoploidy ; Oleanolic acid ; Original Paper ; Pentacyclic triterpenoids ; Physical characteristics ; Plant Genetics and Genomics ; Plant Pathology ; Plant Physiology ; Plant Sciences ; plantlets ; Ploidy ; Polyploidy ; roots ; stems ; Stomata ; tetraploidy ; Thymus persicus ; Triterpenoids ; Ursolic acid</subject><ispartof>Plant cell, tissue and organ culture, 2015-09, Vol.122 (3), p.573-583</ispartof><rights>Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2015</rights><rights>Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC) is a copyright of Springer, (2015). All Rights Reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c406t-6aa368d9539800800a4dcdb973685c64692c7b96cf300aa5f0e6ee259e5f02ea3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c406t-6aa368d9539800800a4dcdb973685c64692c7b96cf300aa5f0e6ee259e5f02ea3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Tavan, Mansoureh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mirjalili, Mohammad Hossein</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Karimzadeh, Ghasem</creatorcontrib><title>In vitro polyploidy induction: changes in morphological, anatomical and phytochemical characteristics of Thymus persicus (Lamiaceae)</title><title>Plant cell, tissue and organ culture</title><addtitle>Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult</addtitle><description>Thymus persicus, which grows in the northwest area of Iran, is a valuable natural source of medicinal pentacyclic triterpenoids (PTs), i.e. betulinic acid, oleanolic acid and ursolic acid. An in vitro approach to polyploidy induction in the plant was examined for the first time. Polyploidization was induced using in vitro-grown T. persicus shoot-tips immersed in colchicine (0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 %) for 12–48 h. Ploidy levels of regenerates were determined by either flow cytometry or chromosome counting at the metaphase. The results confirmed that the mother diploid plant contained a chromosome number of 2n = 2x = 28, 2C DNA = 1.20 pg, whereas 2n = 4x = 56, 2C DNA = 2.39 pg was detected in the induced autotetraploids (CV% < 4 %). Out of 960 shoot tip segments exposed to colchicine, 7.80 and 1.04 % were tetraploid and mixoploid, respectively. The most efficient conditions for inducing polyploidy were the treatment with 0.3 % colchicine for 12 h, followed by 0.3 % for 24 h. The effect of polyploidization on growth and anatomical characteristics as well as PTs production was also measured. Tetraploids differed markedly from diploids, showing lower plantlet height, shorter roots, thicker stems and darker leaves, as well as longer and wider stomata and reduced stomatal density on the abaxial and adaxial leaf surfaces. Furthermore, a positive trend in triterpenoid production was obtained with the tetraploid and mixoploid T. persicus plants. These findings indicate that tetraploids can potentially be used in further breeding efforts to obtain a wide range of triterpenoids with improved medicinal properties.</description><subject>Betulinic acid</subject><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>breeding</subject><subject>Chromosome number</subject><subject>Chromosomes</subject><subject>Colchicine</subject><subject>Deoxyribonucleic acid</subject><subject>Diploids</subject><subject>diploidy</subject><subject>DNA</subject><subject>Flow cytometry</subject><subject>Lamiaceae</subject><subject>Leaves</subject><subject>Life Sciences</subject><subject>medicinal properties</subject><subject>Metaphase</subject><subject>mixoploidy</subject><subject>Oleanolic acid</subject><subject>Original Paper</subject><subject>Pentacyclic triterpenoids</subject><subject>Physical characteristics</subject><subject>Plant Genetics and Genomics</subject><subject>Plant Pathology</subject><subject>Plant Physiology</subject><subject>Plant Sciences</subject><subject>plantlets</subject><subject>Ploidy</subject><subject>Polyploidy</subject><subject>roots</subject><subject>stems</subject><subject>Stomata</subject><subject>tetraploidy</subject><subject>Thymus persicus</subject><subject>Triterpenoids</subject><subject>Ursolic acid</subject><issn>0167-6857</issn><issn>1573-5044</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kU-L1TAUxYMo-Bz9AK4MuBnB6k3zp607GXQceODCmXW4k6avGdqmJq3QvR_c-6gguBgI5HDzO4dwD2OvBXwQANXHLESpoAChC6jqpoAn7CB0JQsNSj1lBxCmKkytq-fsRc4PAGCkEgf2-2biv8KSIp_jsM1DDO3Gw9Subglx-sRdj9PJZxrxMaa5j0M8BYfDe44TLnE8a5Itn_ttia73-4RsCd3iU8hLcJnHjt_227hmPvuUgyNxecQxoPPo371kzzocsn_1975gd1-_3F59K47fr2-uPh8Lp8AshUGUpm4bLZsagA6q1rX3TUVT7YwyTemq-8a4TtIb6g688b7UjSdZepQX7HLPnVP8ufq82DFk54cBJx_XbEUlSl0LrQyhb_9DH-KaJvqdLSlR1rWqgSixUy7FnJPv7JzCiGmzAuy5F7v3YqkXe-7Fnj3l7snE0m7Tv-THTG92U4fR4onWau9-lFQqgCBMGvkHzfOa5w</recordid><startdate>20150901</startdate><enddate>20150901</enddate><creator>Tavan, Mansoureh</creator><creator>Mirjalili, Mohammad Hossein</creator><creator>Karimzadeh, Ghasem</creator><general>Springer Netherlands</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7QR</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20150901</creationdate><title>In vitro polyploidy induction: changes in morphological, anatomical and phytochemical characteristics of Thymus persicus (Lamiaceae)</title><author>Tavan, Mansoureh ; Mirjalili, Mohammad Hossein ; Karimzadeh, Ghasem</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c406t-6aa368d9539800800a4dcdb973685c64692c7b96cf300aa5f0e6ee259e5f02ea3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>Betulinic acid</topic><topic>Biomedical and Life Sciences</topic><topic>breeding</topic><topic>Chromosome number</topic><topic>Chromosomes</topic><topic>Colchicine</topic><topic>Deoxyribonucleic acid</topic><topic>Diploids</topic><topic>diploidy</topic><topic>DNA</topic><topic>Flow cytometry</topic><topic>Lamiaceae</topic><topic>Leaves</topic><topic>Life Sciences</topic><topic>medicinal properties</topic><topic>Metaphase</topic><topic>mixoploidy</topic><topic>Oleanolic acid</topic><topic>Original Paper</topic><topic>Pentacyclic triterpenoids</topic><topic>Physical characteristics</topic><topic>Plant Genetics and Genomics</topic><topic>Plant Pathology</topic><topic>Plant Physiology</topic><topic>Plant Sciences</topic><topic>plantlets</topic><topic>Ploidy</topic><topic>Polyploidy</topic><topic>roots</topic><topic>stems</topic><topic>Stomata</topic><topic>tetraploidy</topic><topic>Thymus persicus</topic><topic>Triterpenoids</topic><topic>Ursolic acid</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Tavan, Mansoureh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mirjalili, Mohammad Hossein</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Karimzadeh, Ghasem</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection (Proquest) (PQ_SDU_P3)</collection><collection>Biological Sciences</collection><collection>Agriculture Science Database</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Chemoreception Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Plant cell, tissue and organ culture</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Tavan, Mansoureh</au><au>Mirjalili, Mohammad Hossein</au><au>Karimzadeh, Ghasem</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>In vitro polyploidy induction: changes in morphological, anatomical and phytochemical characteristics of Thymus persicus (Lamiaceae)</atitle><jtitle>Plant cell, tissue and organ culture</jtitle><stitle>Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult</stitle><date>2015-09-01</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>122</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>573</spage><epage>583</epage><pages>573-583</pages><issn>0167-6857</issn><eissn>1573-5044</eissn><abstract>Thymus persicus, which grows in the northwest area of Iran, is a valuable natural source of medicinal pentacyclic triterpenoids (PTs), i.e. betulinic acid, oleanolic acid and ursolic acid. An in vitro approach to polyploidy induction in the plant was examined for the first time. Polyploidization was induced using in vitro-grown T. persicus shoot-tips immersed in colchicine (0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 %) for 12–48 h. Ploidy levels of regenerates were determined by either flow cytometry or chromosome counting at the metaphase. The results confirmed that the mother diploid plant contained a chromosome number of 2n = 2x = 28, 2C DNA = 1.20 pg, whereas 2n = 4x = 56, 2C DNA = 2.39 pg was detected in the induced autotetraploids (CV% < 4 %). Out of 960 shoot tip segments exposed to colchicine, 7.80 and 1.04 % were tetraploid and mixoploid, respectively. The most efficient conditions for inducing polyploidy were the treatment with 0.3 % colchicine for 12 h, followed by 0.3 % for 24 h. The effect of polyploidization on growth and anatomical characteristics as well as PTs production was also measured. Tetraploids differed markedly from diploids, showing lower plantlet height, shorter roots, thicker stems and darker leaves, as well as longer and wider stomata and reduced stomatal density on the abaxial and adaxial leaf surfaces. Furthermore, a positive trend in triterpenoid production was obtained with the tetraploid and mixoploid T. persicus plants. These findings indicate that tetraploids can potentially be used in further breeding efforts to obtain a wide range of triterpenoids with improved medicinal properties.</abstract><cop>Dordrecht</cop><pub>Springer Netherlands</pub><doi>10.1007/s11240-015-0789-0</doi><tpages>11</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Plant cell, tissue and organ culture, 2015-09, Vol.122 (3), p.573-583 |
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| subjects | Betulinic acid Biomedical and Life Sciences breeding Chromosome number Chromosomes Colchicine Deoxyribonucleic acid Diploids diploidy DNA Flow cytometry Lamiaceae Leaves Life Sciences medicinal properties Metaphase mixoploidy Oleanolic acid Original Paper Pentacyclic triterpenoids Physical characteristics Plant Genetics and Genomics Plant Pathology Plant Physiology Plant Sciences plantlets Ploidy Polyploidy roots stems Stomata tetraploidy Thymus persicus Triterpenoids Ursolic acid |
| title | In vitro polyploidy induction: changes in morphological, anatomical and phytochemical characteristics of Thymus persicus (Lamiaceae) |
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