Intracoronary abciximab in diabetic patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention

• Published in: Vascular pharmacology 2015-10, Vol.73, p.32-37
• Main Authors: Piccolo, Raffaele, Eitel, Ingo, Galasso, Gennaro, Iversen, Allan Zeeberg, Gu, Youlan L, Dominguez-Rodriguez, Alberto, de Smet, Bart J.G.L, Mahmoud, Karim D, Abreu-Gonzalez, Pedro, Thiele, Holger, Piscione, Federico
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Abciximab; Acute myocardial infarction; Administration, Intravenous; Aged; Antibodies, Monoclonal - administration & dosage; Antibodies, Monoclonal - adverse effects; Cardiovascular; Chi-Square Distribution; Coronary Thrombosis - etiology; Coronary Thrombosis - prevention & control; Diabetes Mellitus - diagnosis; Diabetes Mellitus - mortality; Female; Humans; Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments - administration & dosage; Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments - adverse effects; Intracoronary administration; Kaplan-Meier Estimate; Logistic Models; Male; Middle Aged; Myocardial Infarction - diagnosis; Myocardial Infarction - mortality; Myocardial Infarction - therapy; Odds Ratio; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention - adverse effects; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention - mortality; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors - administration & dosage; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors - adverse effects; Proportional Hazards Models; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Recurrence; Risk Factors; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome
• ISSN: 1537-1891; 1879-3649
• DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2015.06.001

Abstract Background Although intracoronary abciximab failed to improve prognosis compared with intravenous route in unselected ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients, little is known about the role of intracoronary abciximab in diabetic patients. Objectives To evaluate the efficacy of intracoronary abciximab administration in diabetic patients with STEMI undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods Reperfusional and clinical outcomes of intracoronary abciximab compared with intravenous bolus abciximab according to diabetic status were evaluated in a pooled analysis of five randomized trials including 3158 STEMI patients. The primary clinical endpoint of the study was the composite of death or reinfarction at 30-day follow-up. Results Among 584 diabetic patients (18.5%), the composite of death or reinfarction was significantly reduced with intracoronary abciximab compared to intravenous abciximab (4.7% vs. 8.8%; rate ratio [RR], 0.50; 95% confidence intervals [CI], 0.26–0.99; p = 0.04), driven by numerically lower deaths (3.7% vs. 6.4%; RR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.26–1.20; p = 0.13). Moreover, a significant reduction in definite or probable stent thrombosis was observed in patients receiving intracoronary abciximab (1% vs. 3.5%; RR, 0.27; 95% CI, 0.07–0.99; p = 0.04). Although formal tests for interaction were not significant, no clinical benefit was apparent in the cohort of STEMI patients without diabetes (n = 2574). Conclusions In diabetic patients with STEMI undergoing primary PCI, intracoronary abciximab may improve clinical outcomes as compared with standard intravenous use. These findings require confirmation in a dedicated randomized trial.