Antimutagenic effect of polysaccharide ginsan extracted from Panax ginseng

Ginsan is a polysaccharide extracted from the roots of Panax ginseng, and it has earlier been reported to have an immunostimulatory effect. In the present study, the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCE) was assessed in the bone marrow of C57BL/6 male mice treated with ginsa...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Food and chemical toxicology 2006-04, Vol.44 (4), p.517-521
Main Authors: Ivanova, Tatiana, Han, Youngsoo, Son, Hyeog-Jin, Yun, Yeon-Sook, Song, Jie-Young
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amifostine - pharmacology
Animals
antimutagenic activity
Antimutagenic Agents - pharmacology
Antimutagenicity
bone marrow
DNA damage
DNA repair
dose response
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
erythroblasts
Erythrocytes - drug effects
Erythrocytes - radiation effects
erythropoiesis
gamma radiation
Gamma Rays
genotoxicity
Ginsan
herbal medicines
Male
males
medicinal plants
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective - drug effects
Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective - radiation effects
Micronucleus test
Oriental traditional medicine
Panax
Panax ginseng
Phytotherapy
plant extracts
Plant Extracts - pharmacology
Plant Roots
Polysaccharide extract
polysaccharides
Polysaccharides - pharmacology
radiation injury
radiation resistance
radioprotective activity
roots
γ-Irradiation
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Summary:Ginsan is a polysaccharide extracted from the roots of Panax ginseng, and it has earlier been reported to have an immunostimulatory effect. In the present study, the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCE) was assessed in the bone marrow of C57BL/6 male mice treated with ginsan [100, 200 or 300 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)] or amifostine (200 mg/kg b.w.) 30 min before as well as 15 min after 1.5 Gy of γ-irradiation. Ginsan and amifostine did not alter the frequency of MNPCE of control mice ( P > 0.05), showing that they are non-mutagenic per se; γ-irradiation induced a statistically significant ( P < 0.001) increase of MNPCE and decrease of PCE/NCE ratio ( P < 0.001) compared to control group. However, ginsan applied 30 min before or 15 min after irradiation reduced MNPCE in a dose-dependent manner. Amifostine (200 mg/kg b.w.) did not reduce radiation-induced MNPCE, but stimulated erythropoiesis, when administered before irradiation. Based on the above results, radioprotective effect of ginsan can be partially attributed to reduction of radiation-induced genotoxicity.
ISSN:0278-6915
1873-6351
DOI:10.1016/j.fct.2005.08.032