Determination of biomarkers for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) toxicity to earthworm (Eisenia fetida)

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) compounds are persistent, carcinogenic, and mutagenic. When PAHs enter agricultural soils through sewage sludge, they pose an environmental risk to soil organisms, including earthworms. Therefore, we aimed to determine the toxic effects of PAHs on earthworms. Fi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environmental geochemistry and health 2015-12, Vol.37 (6), p.943-951
Main Authors: Nam, Tae-Hoon, Jeon, Hwang-Ju, Mo, Hyung-ho, Cho, Kijong, Ok, Yong-Sik, Lee, Sung-Eun
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
acetylcholinesterase
adults
Agricultural land
agricultural soils
Animals
Anthracene
anthracenes
Anthracenes - toxicity
Biomarkers
Biomarkers - analysis
carboxylesterase
carcinogenicity
Earth and Environmental Science
earthworms
Eisenia fetida
Environment
Environmental Chemistry
Environmental Health
Environmental risk
Fluorenes - toxicity
Geochemistry
glutathione transferase
Land pollution
lethal concentration 50
mortality
mutagenicity
Oligochaeta - drug effects
Oligochaeta - metabolism
Original Paper
Phenanthrene
Phenanthrenes - toxicity
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - toxicity
Proteins
Proteome - analysis
Public Health
Pyrene
Pyrenes - toxicity
risk
Sewage sludge
Soil contamination
Soil Pollutants - toxicity
Soil Science & Conservation
Terrestrial Pollution
Toxicity
WORM
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Summary:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) compounds are persistent, carcinogenic, and mutagenic. When PAHs enter agricultural soils through sewage sludge, they pose an environmental risk to soil organisms, including earthworms. Therefore, we aimed to determine the toxic effects of PAHs on earthworms. Five PAHs were used: fluorene, anthracene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, and pyrene. Only fluorene and phenanthrene exhibited toxicity (LC₅₀ values 394.09 and 114.02 g L⁻¹, respectively) against the earthworm Eisenia fetida. None of the other PAHs tested in this study enhanced the mortality of adult earthworm until the concentrations reached to 1000 g L⁻¹. After exposure to PAHs, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in E. fetida decreased in a concentration-dependent manner, and phenanthrene exhibited the strongest inhibitory effect on AChE, followed by fluorene. Activity of a representative detoxifying enzyme, carboxylesterase, was dramatically reduced in E. fetida exposed to all tested PAHs in comparison with that observed in the control test. The remaining glutathione S-transferase activity significantly decreased in E. fetida after exposure to PAHs. To profile small proteins
ISSN:0269-4042
1573-2983
DOI:10.1007/s10653-015-9706-z