The effect of dose and type of proton pump inhibitor use on risk of fractures and osteoporosis treatment in older Australian women: A prospective cohort study

• Published in: Bone (New York, N.Y.) N.Y.), 2015-12, Vol.81, p.675-682
• Main Authors: van der Hoorn, Mariëlle M.C, Tett, Susan E, de Vries, Oscar J, Dobson, Annette J, Peeters, G.M.E.E. (Geeske)
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Australia; Bone Density Conservation Agents - therapeutic use; Cohort Studies; Esomeprazole; Esomeprazole - administration & dosage; Esomeprazole - adverse effects; Female; Fractures; Fractures, Bone - chemically induced; Fractures, Bone - etiology; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Omeprazole; Orthopedics; Osteoporosis medication; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal - chemically induced; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal - drug therapy; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal - etiology; Prospective Studies; Proton pump inhibitors; Proton Pump Inhibitors - administration & dosage; Proton Pump Inhibitors - adverse effects; Rabeprazole - administration & dosage; Rabeprazole - adverse effects; Risk Factors
• ISSN: 8756-3282; 1873-2763
• DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2015.08.024

Abstract Objectives Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are among the most prescribed medications worldwide, however, there is growing concern regarding potential negative effects on bone health. The aim was to examine the effect of dose and type of PPI use on subsequent use of osteoporosis medication and fractures in older Australian women. Methods Data were included from 4432 participants (born 1921–26) in the 2002 survey of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health. Medication data were from the national pharmaceutical administrative database (2003–2012, inclusive). Fractures were sourced from linked hospital datasets available for four major States of Australia. Competing risk regression models used PPI exposure as a time-dependent covariate and either time to first osteoporosis medication prescription or fracture as the outcome, with death as a competing risk. Results Of the 2328 PPI users and 2104 PPI non-users, 827 (36%) and 550 (26%) became users of osteoporosis medication, respectively. PPI use was associated with an increased risk of subsequent use of osteoporosis medication (adjusted sub-hazard ratio [SHR] = 1.28; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.13–1.44) and subsequent fracture (SHR = 1.29, CI = 1.08–1.55). Analysis with PPI categorized according to defined daily dose (DDD), showed some evidence for a dose–response effect (osteoporosis medication: