Advances in Therapeutic Development for Radiation Cystitis

Radiation treatment for pelvic malignancies is typically associated with radiation injury to urinary bladder that can ultimately lead to radiation cystitis (RC). The late sequelae of radiation therapy may take many years to develop and include bothersome storage symptoms such as hematuria, which may...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Lower urinary tract symptoms 2014-01, Vol.6 (1), p.1-10
Main Authors: RAJAGANAPATHY, Bharathi Raja, JAYABALAN, Nirmal, TYAGI, Pradeep, KAUFMAN, Jonathan, CHANCELLOR, Michael B.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bladder
Excretory system
intravesical immunosupression
pelvic malignancies
radiation cystitis
tacrolimus
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Summary:Radiation treatment for pelvic malignancies is typically associated with radiation injury to urinary bladder that can ultimately lead to radiation cystitis (RC). The late sequelae of radiation therapy may take many years to develop and include bothersome storage symptoms such as hematuria, which may be life‐threatening in severe cases of hemorrhagic cystitis. Although no definitive treatment is currently available, various interventions are used for radiation and hemorrhagic cystitis including blood transfusion, bladder irrigation, intravesical instillation of substances such as alum, silver nitrate, prostaglandins or formalin, and fulguration of intravesical bleeding sites and surgery options such as supravesical urinary diversions and cystectomy. Effects of non‐surgical treatments for radiation and hemorrhagic cystitis are of modest success and studies are lacking to control the effects caused by RC. When such measures have proven ineffective, use of bladder botulinum toxin injection has been reported. New therapy, such as intravesical immunosuppression with local tacrolimus formulation is being developed for the treatment of radiation hemorrhagic cystitis.
ISSN:1757-5664
1757-5672
DOI:10.1111/luts.12045