Chemical Gradients on Graphene To Drive Droplet Motion

This work demonstrates the production of a well-controlled, chemical gradient on the surface of graphene. By inducing a gradient of oxygen functional groups, drops of water and dimethyl-methylphosphonate (a nerve agent simulant) are “pulled” in the direction of increasing oxygen content, while fluor...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:ACS nano 2013-06, Vol.7 (6), p.4746-4755
Main Authors: Hernández, Sandra C, Bennett, Charlee J. C, Junkermeier, Chad E, Tsoi, Stanislav D, Bezares, Francisco J, Stine, Rory, Robinson, Jeremy T, Lock, Evgeniya H, Boris, David R, Pate, Brian D, Caldwell, Joshua D, Reinecke, Thomas L, Sheehan, Paul E, Walton, Scott G
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adhesion
Droplets
Fluorine
Fluorine - chemistry
Functionally gradient materials
Graphene
Graphite - chemistry
Microfluidics
Models, Molecular
Molecular Conformation
Motion
Nanostructure
Organophosphorus Compounds - chemistry
Oxygen - chemistry
Oxygen content
Surface chemistry
Surface Properties
Water - chemistry
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Summary:This work demonstrates the production of a well-controlled, chemical gradient on the surface of graphene. By inducing a gradient of oxygen functional groups, drops of water and dimethyl-methylphosphonate (a nerve agent simulant) are “pulled” in the direction of increasing oxygen content, while fluorine gradients “push” the droplet motion in the direction of decreasing fluorine content. The direction of motion is broadly attributed to increasing/decreasing hydrophilicity, which is correlated to high/low adhesion and binding energy. Such tunability in surface chemistry provides additional capabilities in device design for applications ranging from microfluidics to chemical sensing.
ISSN:1936-0851
1936-086X
DOI:10.1021/nn304267b