Novel multi-layered 1-D nanostructure exhibiting the theoretical capacity of silicon for a super-enhanced lithium-ion battery

Silicon/carbon (Si/C) nanocomposites have recently received much attention as Li-ion battery negative electrodes due to their mutual synergetic effects in capacity and mechanical integrity. The contribution of Si to the total capacity of the Si/C nanocomposites determines their structural efficiency...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nanoscale 2014-06, Vol.6 (11), p.5989-5998
Main Authors: Lee, Byoung-Sun, Yang, Ho-Sung, Jung, Heechul, Jeon, Seung-Yeol, Jung, Changhoon, Kim, Sang-Won, Bae, Jihyun, Choong, Chwee-Lin, Im, Jungkyun, Chung, U-In, Park, Jong-Jin, Yu, Woong-Ryeol
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Carbon
Electrodes
Electrospinning
Lithium-ion batteries
Nanocomposites
Nanostructure
Rechargeable batteries
Silicon
Spectroscopy
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Summary:Silicon/carbon (Si/C) nanocomposites have recently received much attention as Li-ion battery negative electrodes due to their mutual synergetic effects in capacity and mechanical integrity. The contribution of Si to the total capacity of the Si/C nanocomposites determines their structural efficiency. Herein, we report on a multi-layered, one-dimensional nanostructure that exhibits the theoretical specific capacity of Si in the nanocomposite. Concentrically tri-layered, compartmentalized, C-core/Si-medium/C-shell nanofibers were fabricated by triple coaxial electrospinning. The pulverization of Si was accommodated inside the C-shell, whereas the conductive pathway of the Li-ions and electrons was provided by the C-core, which was proven by ex situ Raman spectroscopy. The compartmentalized Si in between the C-core and C-shell led to excellent specific capacity at a high current rate (>820 mA h g(-1) at 12000 mA g(-1)) and the realization of the theoretical specific capacity of the Li15Si4 phase of Si nanoparticles (3627 mA h g(-1)). The electrochemical characterization and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry provided direct evidence of full participation of Si in the electrochemical reactions.
ISSN:2040-3364
2040-3372
DOI:10.1039/c4nr00318g