The risk of needle stick accidents during surgical procedures : HIV-1 viral load in blood and bone marrow

Health-care workers are at risk to acquire HIV through occupational exposure to blood of HIV-infected patients. The mean risk after a percutaneous exposure is approximately 0.3%. A large inoculum and a source patient with a high plasma viral load increases the transmission risk. To ensure the safety...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of STD & AIDS 2005-10, Vol.16 (10), p.671-672
Main Authors: REGEZ, Rosa M, KLEIPOOL, Arthur E, SPEEKENBRINK, Ron G, FRISSEN, P. H
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biological and medical sciences
Bone Marrow - virology
Epidemiology. Vaccinations
General aspects
General Surgery
Health Personnel
HIV Infections - blood
HIV Infections - epidemiology
HIV Infections - transmission
HIV Seroprevalence
HIV-1 - physiology
Human viral diseases
Humans
Immunodeficiencies
Immunodeficiencies. Immunoglobulinopathies
Immunopathology
Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional
Infectious diseases
Medical sciences
Needlestick Injuries - epidemiology
Needlestick Injuries - etiology
Occupational Exposure
Risk Factors
Viral diseases
Viral diseases of the lymphoid tissue and the blood. Aids
Viral Load
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Summary:Health-care workers are at risk to acquire HIV through occupational exposure to blood of HIV-infected patients. The mean risk after a percutaneous exposure is approximately 0.3%. A large inoculum and a source patient with a high plasma viral load increases the transmission risk. To ensure the safety of the operating team, we try to reduce HIV viral load in plasma prior to high-risk interventions (cardiothoracic and orthopaedic surgery). However, in 15.7% of the exposures occurring in the operating room, the possible source material is bone marrow. To make more accurate exposure risk assessments, we measured HIV-1 RNA in both plasma and bone marrow of five HIV-infected patients undergoing surgery. We found that the plasma viral load was not different from the viral load in bone marrow.
ISSN:0956-4624
1758-1052
0956-4624
DOI:10.1258/095646205774357280