Circulating GLP-1 in infants born small-for-gestational-age: breast-feeding versus formula-feeding

• Published in: International Journal of Obesity 2015-10, Vol.39 (10), p.1501-1503
• Main Authors: Díaz, M, Bassols, J, Sebastiani, G, López-Bermejo, A, Ibáñez, L, de Zegher, F
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 631/45/776/1178; 692/163; 692/699/2743/137; 692/700/1720; 692/700/2814; Adiponectin - metabolism; Age; Appetite; Birth; Birth weight; Body composition; Breast; Breast Feeding; Breastfeeding & lactation; Constraints; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Energy expenditure; Epidemiology; Feeding; Female; Genetic aspects; Gestational age; Glucagon; Glucagon-like peptide 1; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 - metabolism; Health Promotion and Disease Prevention; Health risks; Humans; Hypothalamus; Hypothalamus - physiology; Infant; Infant Formula; Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Small for Gestational Age; Infants; Infants (Newborn); Insulin; Internal Medicine; Long-term effects; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Metabolic Diseases; Neonates; Neuronal Plasticity - physiology; Nutrition; Parenteral nutrition; pediatric-short-communication; Peptides; Physiological aspects; Public Health; Small for gestational age
• ISSN: 0307-0565; 1476-5497
• DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2015.117

Prenatal growth restraint associates with the risk for later diabetes, particularly if such restraint is followed by postnatal formula-feeding (FOF) rather than breast-feeding (BRF). Circulating incretins can influence the neonatal programming of hypothalamic setpoints for appetite and energy expenditure, and are thus candidate mediators of the long-term effects exerted by early nutrition. We have tested this concept by measuring (at birth and at age 4 months) the circulating concentrations of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in BRF infants born appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA; n =63) and in small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants receiving either BRF ( n =28) or FOF ( n =26). At birth, concentrations of GLP-1 were similar in AGA and SGA infants. At 4 months, pre-feeding GLP-1 concentrations were higher than at birth; SGA-BRF infants had GLP-1 concentrations similar to those in AGA-BRF infants but SGA-FOF infants had higher concentrations. In conclusion, nutrition appears to influence the circulating GLP-1 concentrations in SGA infants and may thereby modulate long-term diabetes risk.