Positive Effects of a Stress Reduction Program Based on Mindfulness Meditation in Brazilian Nursing Professionals: Qualitative and Quantitative Evaluation

• Published in: Explore (New York, N.Y.) N.Y.), 2016-03, Vol.12 (2), p.90-99
• Main Authors: dos Santos, Teresa Maria, Kozasa, Elisa Harumi, Carmagnani, Isabel Sampaio, Tanaka, Luiza Hiromi, Lacerda, Shirley Silva, Nogueira-Martins, Luiz Antonio
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Anxiety - prevention & control; Attention; Awareness; Brazil; Burnout, Professional - prevention & control; Depression - prevention & control; Female; Humans; Male; Meditation; Middle Aged; Mindfulness; nurse; Nurses - psychology; Personnel, Hospital - psychology; Pilot Projects; Program Evaluation; Qualitative Research; quality of life; stress; Stress, Psychological - prevention & control
• ISSN: 1550-8307; 1878-7541
• DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2015.12.005

Mindfulness meditation has been shown to effectively mitigate the negative effects of stress among nursing professionals, but in countries like Brazil, these practices are relatively unexplored. To evaluate the effects of a Stress Reduction Program (SRP) including mindfulness and loving kindness meditation among nursing professionals working in a Brazilian hospital setting. Pilot study with a mixed model using quantitative and qualitative methods was used to evaluate a group of participants. The quantitative data were analyzed at three different time points: pre-intervention, post-intervention, and follow-up. The qualitative data were analyzed at post-intervention. Hospital São Paulo (Brazil). Sample 13 nursing professionals, including nurses, technicians, and nursing assistants working in a hospital. Participants underwent mindfulness and loving kindness meditation during a period of six weeks. Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), Self-Compassion Scale (SCS), WHOQOL-BREF quality of life assessment, and Work Stress Scale (WSS). Qualitative data were collected via a group interview following six weeks participation in the SRP. The quantitative analyses revealed a significant reduction (P < .05) between pre-intervention and post-intervention scores for perceived stress, burnout, depression, and anxiety (trait). These variables showed no significant differences between post-intervention and follow-up scores. The WHOQOL-BREF revealed significant increase (P < .05) just in the physical and psychological domains at post-intervention scores, which remained at the follow-up. Qualitative results showed improvement in the reactivity to inner experience; a more attentive perception of internal and external experiences; greater attention and awareness of actions and attitudes at every moment; and a positive influence of the SRP in nursing activities.