Adsorption of Ni++ ions from aqueous solution onto microwave irradiated Sterculia foetida fruit shells

• Published in: Management of environmental quality 2016-01, Vol.27 (1), p.59-70
• Main Authors: Gnanasundaram, Nirmala, Singh, Aruna, Ganesapillai, M
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Activated carbon; Adsorbents; Adsorption; Design; Dosage; Drying; Drying ovens; Environmental management; Environmental quality; Equilibrium; Experiments; Food preservation; Fruits; Heavy metals; Metal concentrations; Metals; Methods; Microwaves; Moisture content; Nickel; Pretreatment; Public policy & environmental management; Regression analysis; Scanning electron microscopy; Seeds; Software; Sterculia; Studies; Surface chemistry; Variance analysis
• ISSN: 1477-7835; 1758-6119
• DOI: 10.1108/MEQ-06-2015-0106

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to harness the potential of microwave pre-treatment to prepare carbon from locally available Sterculia foetida fruit shells for adsorption of heavy metals, particularly Nickel ions (Ni++), from effluent. Design/methodology/approach – The pre-treatment methods comprise conventional methods as sun drying and oven drying as well as high intensity microwave drying. Response surface methodology was employed to analyse the optimization of the process. The adsorption behavioural characteristics of the material were established applying adsorption isotherms. Findings – Adsorption of Ni++ was found to be effective in microwave drying at output power of 300 W. It was observed that the maximum adsorption capacity was attained at pH 6; an adsorbent dosage of 0.25 mgml−1 and initial metal ion concentration of 20 ppm with an interactive effect of initial concentration and dosage. Originality/value – The research puts emphasise on prospecting of novel biomass for carbonization and application of the same for effective adsorption. Available literature on Sterculia foetida is very limited and this work will serve to create database on the amenability of processing.