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Small-scale variability in the contribution of invertebrates to litter decomposition in tropical rice fields

Sustainable management of agricultural systems includes promoting nutrient cycles, which can reduce the need for application of fertilizer. As rice is one of the most important food resources in the world, sustainable management of rice paddies is increasingly in demand. However, little is known abo...

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Published in:Basic and applied ecology 2015-12, Vol.16 (8), p.674-680
Main Authors: Schmidt, Anja, Auge, Harald, Brandl, Roland, Heong, Kong Luen, Hotes, Stefan, Settele, Josef, Villareal, Sylvia, Schädler, Martin
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:Sustainable management of agricultural systems includes promoting nutrient cycles, which can reduce the need for application of fertilizer. As rice is one of the most important food resources in the world, sustainable management of rice paddies is increasingly in demand. However, little is known about the influence of invertebrates on decomposition processes in these ecosystems. We hypothesized that invertebrates contribute significantly to the decomposition of rice straw in paddies and that their relative contribution is affected by the distance to other landscape structures within fields. We placed rice straw in litterbags of two different mesh sizes which prevent (20μm×20μm) or allow (5mm×5mm) access of invertebrates in six irrigated rice fields for 84 days. In each field, bags were set on three transects running from the bund to the center of the field. Invertebrates significantly increased total rice straw litter mass loss by up to 45% (total decomposition: fine-meshed bags 64%; coarse-meshed bags 83%). Litter mass loss in bags accessed by invertebrates decreased with increasing distance from the bund. Such a spatial trend in litter mass loss was not observed in bags accessed only by microbes. Our results indicated that invertebrates can contribute to soil fertility in irrigated rice fields by decomposing rice straw, and that the efficiency of decomposition may be promoted by landscape structures around rice fields. Nachhaltigkeit im bewässerten Tiefland-Reisanbau ist ein wesentlicher Bestandteil zur Sicherung der Nahrungsgrundversorgung eines großen Teils der Weltbevölkerung. Das Verständnis der komplexen Prozesse im Nährstoffkreislauf in Agrarökosystemen kann zu einer Erhöhung der Bodenfruchtbarkeit führen und den Bedarf an Düngemitteln drastisch reduzieren. Die Grundlage für eine natürliche Stickstoffzufuhr, zur Förderung des Pflanzenwachstums, ist die Zersetzung von totem organischem Material, was eine stabile Gemeinschaft von Bodenorganismen voraussetzt. Nichtsdestotrotz ist das Wissen über den Einfluss der Makrofauna auf Zersetzungsprozesse im Boden von Reisökosystemen rar. Ziel dieser Studie war es, den Einfluss von Invertebraten auf die Zersetzungsrate von Reisstroh zu untersuchen und deren Effektivität in Abhängigkeit landschaftlicher Strukturvielfalt in direkter räumlicher Nähe zu den Untersuchungsflächen einzuschätzen. Um zu differenzieren, wie stark der jeweilige Anteil von Invertebraten und Mikroorganismen am Streuabbau ist, wurden Streub
ISSN:1439-1791
DOI:10.1016/j.baae.2015.01.006