Biocatalytic Characterization of Human FMO5: Unearthing Baeyer–Villiger Reactions in Humans

Flavin-containing mono-oxygenases are known as potent drug-metabolizing enzymes, providing complementary functions to the well-investigated cytochrome P450 mono-oxygenases. While human FMO isoforms are typically involved in the oxidation of soft nucleophiles, the biocatalytic activity of human FMO5...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:ACS chemical biology 2016-04, Vol.11 (4), p.1039-1048
Main Authors: Fiorentini, Filippo, Geier, Martina, Binda, Claudia, Winkler, Margit, Faber, Kurt, Hall, Mélanie, Mattevi, Andrea
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biocatalysis
Humans
Oxygenases - metabolism
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Summary:Flavin-containing mono-oxygenases are known as potent drug-metabolizing enzymes, providing complementary functions to the well-investigated cytochrome P450 mono-oxygenases. While human FMO isoforms are typically involved in the oxidation of soft nucleophiles, the biocatalytic activity of human FMO5 (along its physiological role) has long remained unexplored. In this study, we demonstrate the atypical in vitro activity of human FMO5 as a Baeyer–Villiger mono-oxygenase on a broad range of substrates, revealing the first example to date of a human protein catalyzing such reactions. The isolated and purified protein was active on diverse carbonyl compounds, whereas soft nucleophiles were mostly non- or poorly reactive. The absence of the typical characteristic sequence motifs sets human FMO5 apart from all characterized Baeyer–Villiger mono-oxygenases so far. These findings open new perspectives in human oxidative metabolism.
ISSN:1554-8929
1554-8937
DOI:10.1021/acschembio.5b01016