Fungal pathogens on seeds of Italian cultivars of Oryza sativa

In the framework of a project addressing the genetic improvement and the study of biodiversity of rice grown in Italy, the presence of fungal pathogens on the seeds of Oryza sativa was evaluated. For each Italian cultivar listed in the Registro Nazionale Varietale we analyzed: one hundred each of un...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of plant pathology 2004-12, Vol.86 (4), p.300-300
Main Authors: Picco, A M, Rodolfi, M, Lorenzi, E, Rodino, D
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alternaria alternata
Bipolaris
Epicoccum nigrum
Fusarium verticillioides
Nigrospora oryzae
Oryza sativa
Penicillium
Pyricularia grisea
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Summary:In the framework of a project addressing the genetic improvement and the study of biodiversity of rice grown in Italy, the presence of fungal pathogens on the seeds of Oryza sativa was evaluated. For each Italian cultivar listed in the Registro Nazionale Varietale we analyzed: one hundred each of unpolished and hulled seeds, according to the International Rules for Seed Testing Association; one hundred hulled seeds, both entire and shattered, according to a protocol for fungal endophytes detection in rice. From 91 cultivars, 84 and 66 epiphytic fungal taxa were isolated from unpolished and hulled seeds, respectively. The detected genera could be divided into three groups: (i) saprotrophyc fungi, which do not appear to affect rice; (ii) storage fungi which can spoil the grains, represented by both Aspergillus and Penicillium spp. and mainly observed on the glumes; (iii) field fungi, including members of genera known to be parasitic and semiparasitic on rice, able to lower seed quality, induce grain discoloration and infect plants. Among the isolated pathogens, the presence of Alternaria spp., Epicoccum nigrum, Nigrospora oryzae was significant on unpolished seeds, whereas Fusarium verticillioides and Bipolaris spp. prevailed on hulled seeds. As to the endophytic colonization of seeds, a total of 40 species were isolated among which Alternaria alternata, Epicoccum nigrum and Fusarium spp. prevailed. The endophytic presence of the two main seed-borne pathogens of rice, Pyricularia grisea and Bipolaris spp. was minor.
ISSN:1125-4653