Lack of Association Between Elevated Urinary Levels of Interleukin-10 and Interferon Gamma With the Presence of Inflammation in Kidney Transplant Recipients

• Published in: Transplantation proceedings 2016-03, Vol.48 (2), p.583-587
• Main Authors: García-Covarrubias, L, Ventura, E, Soto, V, González, E, García, A, Aguilar, J.C, Torres, J.M, Hinojosa, H, Fragoso, P, De los Santos, J, Ortuño, D, San Cristóbal, P, Díliz, H
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Biomarkers - urine; Cross-Sectional Studies; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Glomerular Filtration Rate - physiology; Graft Rejection - diagnosis; Graft Rejection - urine; Humans; Inflammation - urine; Interferon-gamma - urine; Interleukin-10 - urine; Kidney - physiopathology; Kidney Transplantation; Male; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - physiopathology; Surgery; Time Factors; Transplant Recipients; Transplantation, Homologous
• ISSN: 0041-1345; 1873-2623
• DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2016.02.016

Abstract Introduction A lot of evidence has demonstrated the importance of different cytokines in acute renal rejection. Previous studies have examined the presence or absence of interleukin (IL)-10 in related immunopathologic rejection grafts as well as other interleukins. Studies in human transplantation show elevated levels of IL-10 and gamma interferon (INF-γ) in inflammation and rejection. Objective The objective of this study was to demonstrate the lack of association of elevated urinary levels of IL-10 and IFN in the presence of active inflammation. Methods An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted in transplant recipients at 12 months of follow-up after renal transplantation. In those who were held biopsy after renal transplantation at one year follow-up, or allograft dysfunction, we also measured IL-10 and INF-γ in the urine. The following were considered as variables: age, body mass index (BMI), gender, transplant type, creatinine, chronic kidney disease epidemiology collaboration equation, (CKD-EPI), modification of diet in renal disease study equation (MDRD), Banff classification, and levels of IL-10 and INF-γ. Statistical analysis was performed calculating a sample size of 25 patients, with an alpha bias of 0.05%, yielding measures of central tendency and determining no association between levels of IL-10 and INF-γ with the presence of rejection using SPSS 21.0 program. Results A total of 50 patients, 34 (68%) males, 16 (32%) females, with an average 31.7 ± 9.9 years, weight of 64.91 ± 13.84 kg, size 1.60 ± 0.10 m and 24.97 ± 4.07 BMI were included,39 (78%) living donor and 11 (22%) cadaveric. Twenty-six (52%) showed inflammation in the biopsy and 24 (48%) showed none. Mean creatinine was 1.81 ± 1.5, and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 55.27 ± 22.46, 65.76 ± 26.7. (MDRD and CKD-EPI, respectively). No statistical difference was found in the levels of IL-10 and IFN-γ using analysis of variance. (ANOVA; P = .467 and P = .063, respectively) Based on Banff, the inflammation on biopsy score was 2.78 ± 2.84. There was statistical significance ( P < .05) with respect to the Cr and eGFR by different equations. There were no significant interactions between cytokine levels and more than 1 factor. (as indicated by P < .2). Discussion and Conclusions No significant differences were observed in the level of interleukins in patients with and without inflammation, denoting an adequate immunosuppression in most of thes