Circulating melanoma cells as a potential biomarker to detect metastasis and evaluate prognosis

TNM staging is mainly used to evaluate the prognosis of melanoma patients. Serum biomarkers such as 5‐S‐cysteinyldopa (5‐S‐CD) have occasionally been used but most do not respond until the tumour burden becomes high. Recently, circulating melanoma cells (CMC) have been reported as a possible new bio...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Australasian journal of dermatology 2016-05, Vol.57 (2), p.145-149
Main Authors: Hida, Tokimasa, Yoneta, Akihiro, Wakamatsu, Kazumasa, Yanagisawa, Kenji, Ishii-Osai, Yasue, Kan, Yuji, Kato, Junji, Yamashita, Toshiharu
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
5-S-cysteinyldopa
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Biomarkers, Tumor - blood
CD146
circulating tumour cells
Cross-Sectional Studies
Cysteinyldopa - blood
Female
high molecular weight melanoma-associated antigen
Humans
L-Lactate Dehydrogenase - blood
Male
malignant melanoma
Melanoma - blood
Melanoma - diagnosis
Melanoma - secondary
Middle Aged
Neoplastic Cells, Circulating
Prognosis
Prospective Studies
Sensitivity and Specificity
Skin Neoplasms - blood
Skin Neoplasms - diagnosis
Skin Neoplasms - pathology
Survival Rate
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Summary:TNM staging is mainly used to evaluate the prognosis of melanoma patients. Serum biomarkers such as 5‐S‐cysteinyldopa (5‐S‐CD) have occasionally been used but most do not respond until the tumour burden becomes high. Recently, circulating melanoma cells (CMC) have been reported as a possible new biomarker to detect metastasis, monitor treatment response and predict prognosis. The object of this exploratory study was to evaluate the efficacy of CMC to detect metastasis and predict prognosis by cross‐sectional and prospective observational analyses, respectively. Altogether 15 patients with stages II–IV melanoma were enrolled and CMC were enumerated by CellSearch system with cut‐off values of two cells/7.5 mL. Serum 5‐S‐CD and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were also measured. The sensitivity of CMC and 5‐S‐CD for the detection of metastasis was 33 and 50%, respectively. The combination of CMC and 5‐S‐CD showed a sensitivity of 67%, the best performance among CMC, 5‐S‐CD, LDH and any combination of two of the markers. Additionally, a 30‐month prospective observation showed that CMC could segregate patients with poorer prognosis. The median survival time for the patients with
ISSN:0004-8380
1440-0960
DOI:10.1111/ajd.12455