Cytokines and Allergic Disorders: Revisited Study

Mast cell effector function significantly influences the quantity, duration and magnitude of most allergic reactions. Traditionally, mast cells have been described as effector cells in IgE-associated immune response. However, mounting evidence describes a more complex model involving multiple mast c...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology 2004-09, Vol.17 (3), p.233-235
Main Authors: Frydas, S., Karagouni, E., Hatzistilianou, M., Kempuraj, D., Comani, S., Petrarca, C., Iezzi, T., Verna, N., Conti, P., Castellani, M.L.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cytokines - metabolism
Cytokines - physiology
Humans
Hypersensitivity - immunology
Hypersensitivity - metabolism
Hypersensitivity - physiopathology
Lymphocyte Activation - physiology
Mast Cells - metabolism
Mast Cells - physiology
Skin - metabolism
Th1 Cells - metabolism
Th2 Cells - metabolism
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Summary:Mast cell effector function significantly influences the quantity, duration and magnitude of most allergic reactions. Traditionally, mast cells have been described as effector cells in IgE-associated immune response. However, mounting evidence describes a more complex model involving multiple mast cell phenotypes carrying out different functions and eliciting divergent effects on surrounding cells and tissue. Mast cells are involved in atopic disorders, often exacerbated by stress, and are located perivascularly close to sympathetic and sensory nerve endings. Mast cells represent an important source of pro-inflammatory mediators during acute, IgE-dependent reactions to allergen challenge, including those that contribute to the pathology of asthma and other allergic disorders. Allergy is the result of a complex immune cascade leading to the dysregulated production of Th2 cytokines, the generation of allergen-specific IgE-producing B cells and the subsequent activation and degranulation of the mast cells upon allergen challenge. Evidences indicate that chronically relapsing inflammatory skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis and psoriasis are T cell-mediated diseases. For this reason, understanding the underlying mechanisms of memory T-cell homing to the skin probably provide promising target for the development of new therapy to interfere with inflammatory processes of the skin.
ISSN:0394-6320
2058-7384
DOI:10.1177/039463200401700302