Conflicting reports on the role of the glycemic effect of Catha edulis (Khat): A systematic review and meta-analysis

Traditionally, the leaves of Catha edulis Forsskal (Khat) are consumed by the people of Yemen primarily for its recreational effect, and secondarily, for achieving certain tasks. Additionally, Yemeni diabetics chew such leaves in the belief that this can control their elevated blood glucose level. T...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of ethnopharmacology 2016-06, Vol.186, p.30-43
Main Authors: Alsalahi, Abdulsamad, Alshawsh, Mohammed A., Mohamed, Rosmawati, Alyousefi, Naelah A., Alshagga, Mustafa Ahmed, Shwter, Abdrabuh N., Al-Maqtari, Ali, Ahmed, Radwan H., Mohamed, Zahurin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Blood Glucose
Catha - chemistry
Catha edulis
Cathinone
Diabetes mellitus
Diabetes Mellitus - blood
Glycemic effect
Humans
Khat
Meta-analysis
Plant Leaves
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Summary:Traditionally, the leaves of Catha edulis Forsskal (Khat) are consumed by the people of Yemen primarily for its recreational effect, and secondarily, for achieving certain tasks. Additionally, Yemeni diabetics chew such leaves in the belief that this can control their elevated blood glucose level. This review focuses on outlining the findings of studies that have been conducted to display the glycemic effect of Catha edulis, while trying to balance it with findings of the association of its chewing with the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). The search strategy adopted was based on a comprehensive research in Medline, PubMed, Web of Science, JSTOR, Scopus and Cochrane for articles, proceeding abstracts and theses to identify complete reports written in the English language about the glycemic effect of Catha edulis in humans and animals from 1976 to 2016. In addition, bibliographies were also reviewed to find additional reports not otherwise published. Thirty seven records were identified of which, 25 eligible studies were included in the meta-analysis using blood glucose as an outcome measurement. Studies were divided into four subgroups according to the experimental model, namely; non-diabetic animals, diabetic animals, non-diabetic humans and diabetic humans. The pooled mean difference (MD) of blood glucose between experimental and control were calculated using random effects model of the weighted mean difference of blood glucose with 95% confidence interval (CI). Heterogeneity between studies was tested using I2 statistic and a value of P
ISSN:0378-8741
1872-7573
DOI:10.1016/j.jep.2016.03.045