A comparative study of spray-dried medicinal plant aqueous extracts. Drying performance and product quality

• Published in: Chemical engineering research & design 2015-12, Vol.104, p.681-694
• Main Authors: Gallo, Loreana, Ramírez-Rigo, María Verónica, Piña, Juliana, Bucalá, Verónica
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Direct compression; Extraction plants; Herbal medicinal extracts; Herbal medicine; Herbs; Ingredients; Moisture content; Recommendations; Spray drying; Tablets
• ISSN: 0263-8762; 1744-3563
• DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2015.10.009

A single set of spray-drying operating conditions and a unique liquid feed formulation are proposed to process different aqueous medicinal extracts in order to obtain powders with adequate flowability, stability and compactability. •Seven medicinal herb aqueous extracts were processed by spray drying (SD).•Unique SD operating conditions were appropriate to process the different extracts.•All the powders had good flow properties.•Powders/compacts properties were related to relevant herbal chemical constituents. In the manufacture of herbal medicinal tablets, dried plant extracts are employed as the therapeutic ingredient. These powders, usually obtained by spray drying, are typically hygroscopic and possess poor flow and compactability for the manufacture of tablets by direct compression (DC). Besides, spray-drying operating conditions and liquid feed composition are reported to be dependent on the herbal medicine. Consequently, the production of dried extracts implies long new product development times. Therefore, the goal of this paper was to: (a) provide recommendations as initial production point of herbal powders suitable for DC by spray drying and (b) study the powder properties to identify those that are affected by the extract nature. Particularly, a unique set of operating conditions was found to be appropriate to produce powders of seven different medicinal plant extracts. In fact, all the spray-dried products showed adequate flowability, stability and compactability. Powders properties, as particle size and morphology, moisture content, hygroscopicity, flowability and compact hardness were not a function of the type of herb. Conversely, the process yield and glass transition temperature, particle and bulk densities, powder composition, compact porosity, wetting and disintegration times were found to be dependent on the chemical nature of the herbs.