Magnesium, zinc, and chromium levels in children, adolescents, and young adults with type 1 diabetes

Summary Background & aims Several trace elements are involved in insulin signal transduction and glucose metabolism. Our aim for this present study was to determine the levels of three important elements—magnesium, chromium, and zinc—as well as one oxidative stress marker—malondialdehyde (MDA)—i...

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Published in:Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) Scotland), 2016-08, Vol.35 (4), p.880-884
Main Authors: Lin, Ching-Chiang, Tsweng, Guey-Ju, Lee, Cheng-Fa, Chen, Bai-Hsiun, Huang, Yeou-Lih
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adolescent Development
Adult
Biomarkers - blood
Blood Glucose - metabolism
Case-Control Studies
Child
Child Development
Chromium
Chromium - blood
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - blood
Female
Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Humans
Insulin resistance
Magnesium
Magnesium - blood
Male
Malondialdehyde - blood
Oxidative Stress
Type 1 diabetes
Young Adult
Zinc
Zinc - blood
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Summary:Summary Background & aims Several trace elements are involved in insulin signal transduction and glucose metabolism. Our aim for this present study was to determine the levels of three important elements—magnesium, chromium, and zinc—as well as one oxidative stress marker—malondialdehyde (MDA)—in young type 1 diabetic patients at different periods of their growth, and to realize the relationships between trace elements, oxidative stress, and growth stages. Methods A total of 88 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus in different growth stages and 76 gender- and age-matched healthy subjects were included in this study. The levels of MDA were measured through HPLC using a C-18 column. Zinc, magnesium, and chromium concentrations in serum were assessed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Results We found higher levels of blood malondialdehyde (MDA; p   0.05), but there was a significant difference between zinc levels and insulin dose/BMI ( p  = 0.043) in the diabetic patients. Conclusions We found elevated blood MDA, decreased magnesium, and no changes in zinc and chromium levels in younger type 1 diabetic subjects relative to those of control subjects. Only 3.4% of younger diabetic subjects exhibited hypomagnesemia. Whether magnesium supplementation is suitable for improving insulin sensitivity and decreasing oxidative stress and inflammation will require confirmation through additional studies.
ISSN:0261-5614
1532-1983
DOI:10.1016/j.clnu.2015.05.022