Lipoproteins as modulators of atherothrombosis: From endothelial function to primary and secondary coagulation

Abstract Atherothrombosis is a complication of atherosclerosis that causes acute cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction and stroke. Circulating lipid levels are highly correlated with atherosclerotic plaque development. In addition, experimental evidence suggests that lipids also direct...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Vascular pharmacology 2016-07, Vol.82, p.1-10
Main Authors: Ouweneel, Amber B, Van Eck, Miranda
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Anticoagulants - therapeutic use
Atherosclerosis - blood
Atherosclerosis - drug therapy
Atherosclerosis - pathology
Atherothrombosis
Blood Coagulation - drug effects
Blood Platelets - metabolism
Cardiovascular
Coagulation
Endothelial Cells - drug effects
Endothelial Cells - metabolism
Endothelial Cells - pathology
Endothelial function
Humans
Hypolipidemic Agents - therapeutic use
Lipoproteins
Lipoproteins - blood
Lipoproteins, HDL - blood
Lipoproteins, LDL - blood
Lipoproteins, VLDL - blood
Plaque, Atherosclerotic
Platelet Aggregation
Platelets
Rupture, Spontaneous
Signal Transduction
Thrombosis - blood
Thrombosis - drug therapy
Thrombosis - pathology
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Summary:Abstract Atherothrombosis is a complication of atherosclerosis that causes acute cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction and stroke. Circulating lipid levels are highly correlated with atherosclerotic plaque development. In addition, experimental evidence suggests that lipids also directly influence thrombosis and influence the risk and the outcome of acute cardiovascular events. Plasma lipoproteins influence three aspects important to atherothrombosis: endothelial function, platelet aggregation (primary coagulation) and secondary coagulation. Overall, VLDL, LDL and oxLDL promote thrombus formation, whereas HDL shows antithrombotic actions. In this review we will address the current knowledge about modulation of atherothrombosis by lipoproteins, summarizing findings from in vitro and in vivo animal studies, as well as from observational and interventional studies in humans. We will conclude with future perspectives for lipid modulation in the prevention of atherothrombosis.
ISSN:1537-1891
1879-3649
DOI:10.1016/j.vph.2015.10.009