Is embryo-cryopreservation really neutral?: A new long-term effect of embryo freezing in mice: protection of adults from induced cancer according to strain and sex

Background: Beneficial or harmful effects of embryo freezing have been described in man and animals, raising the question of the neutrality of this technique. Objective: We examined, in mice, the possibility that embryo freezing influences the probability of the emergence, in adults, of an induced u...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) N.Y.), 2004-08, Vol.18 (6), p.813-818
Main Authors: Auroux, Maurice, Cerutti, Italina, Ducot, Béatrice, Loeuillet, Arlette
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Carcinogens - toxicity
Cryopreservation
Embryo freezing
Embryo Transfer
Embryo, Mammalian - metabolism
Embryo, Mammalian - physiology
Embryology: invertebrates and vertebrates. Teratology
Female
Fertilization in Vitro
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Induced cancer
Long-term effect
Male
Medical sciences
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Pregnancy
Protection of adults
Risk
Sex
Sex Characteristics
Species Specificity
Strain
Survival Analysis
Teratology. Teratogens
Toxicology
Urinary Bladder Neoplasms - chemically induced
Urinary Bladder Neoplasms - epidemiology
Urinary Bladder Neoplasms - prevention & control
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Summary:Background: Beneficial or harmful effects of embryo freezing have been described in man and animals, raising the question of the neutrality of this technique. Objective: We examined, in mice, the possibility that embryo freezing influences the probability of the emergence, in adults, of an induced urinary bladder cancer. Methods: The experiment was conducted in mice derived from embryos of two different genotypes. Females receiving embryos were parsed into two groups according to whether these embryos were cryopreserved or not. The derived adults received the chemical carcinogen N-butyl- N-4hydroxybutylnitrosamine (BBN), in the drinking water. Time to death since the onset of treatment was measured for each animal until the 300th day. Results: In females from one of the two strains tested, embryo freezing led to a favorable long-term effect on the probability of resistance to induced cancer. Conclusion: This beneficial effect, taken together with other effects reported in the literature be they beneficial or harmful, suggests that embryo freezing in mice may not be neutral.
ISSN:0890-6238
1873-1708
DOI:10.1016/j.reprotox.2004.04.010